Bibliography

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Found 644 entries in the Bibliography.

Showing entries from 101 through 150

2018

Middle and low-latitude ionosphere-thermosphere responses to solar wind driving during CME-type storms

Verkhoglyadova, Olga; Mlynczak, MG; Mannucci, Anthony; Paxton, Larry; Hunt, Linda; Komjathy, Attila;

Published by: 42nd COSPAR Scientific Assembly Published on:

YEAR: 2018 DOI:

Small Satellite Missions: Creating a New Opportunities for the Community

Paxton, Larry;

Published by: 42nd COSPAR Scientific Assembly Published on:

YEAR: 2018 DOI:

The role of plasma bubbles and traveling ionospheric disturbances in the creation of plasma blobs

Kil, Hyosub; Paxton, Larry;

Published by: 42nd COSPAR Scientific Assembly Published on:

YEAR: 2018 DOI:

SSUSI and SSUSI-Lite: Providing space situational awareness and support for over 25 years

Paxton, Larry; Schaefer, Robert; Zhang, Yongliang; Kil, Hyosub; Hicks, John;

Published by: Johns Hopkins APL Technical Digest Published on:

YEAR: 2018 DOI:

Tropical ionization trough in the ionosphere seen by Swarm-A satellite

Lee, Woo; Kil, Hyosub; Paxton, Larry;

Published by: Geophysical Research Letters Published on:

YEAR: 2018 DOI:

Fundmental Challenges in Space Weather of the Ionosphere Thermosphere System

Paxton, Larry; Miller, Ethan;

Published by: Published on:

YEAR: 2018 DOI:

The effect of equatorial fountain on the evolution of equatorial plasma bubbles

Kil, Hyosub; Paxton, Larry;

Published by: Published on:

YEAR: 2018 DOI:

Observations and Modeling of Atomic/Molecular Composition in the Thermosphere

Solomon, Stanley; Eastes, Richard; McClintock, William; Paxton, Larry; Zhang, Yongliang;

Published by: Published on:

YEAR: 2018 DOI:

Space Physics and Aeronomy Section Agency Night

Paxton, Larry;

Published by: Published on:

YEAR: 2018 DOI:

Development of a new aurora model for the small-and meso-scale structures through deep-learning methods and their influence on the upper atmosphere

Deng, Y; Chen, Z; , Wang; Sheng, Cheng; , Jin; Zhang, Yongliang; Paxton, Larry; Deng, Xiaohua; Huang, Chung-Ming;

Published by: Published on:

YEAR: 2018 DOI:

The JHU APL Commercial Launch Program: JANUS is finally getting off the ground

Smith, Howard; Hacala, Ryan; Hohlfeld, Erik; Edens, Wes; Paxton, Larry; Hibbitts, Charles; Arnold, Steven;

Published by: Published on:

YEAR: 2018 DOI:

Understanding the Effects of Lower Boundary variations on the Ionosphere-Thermosphere System using GITM and WACCM-X

Malhotra, Garima; Ridley, Aaron; Marsh, Daniel; Wu, Chen; Paxton, Larry;

Published by: Published on:

YEAR: 2018 DOI:

Thermospheric Neutral Composition Response to External Forcings

Fedrizzi, Mariangel; Karol, Svetlana; Yudin, Valery; Fuller-Rowell, Timothy; Codrescu, Mihail; Olsen, Jack; Paxton, Larry; Zhang, Yongliang;

Published by: Published on:

YEAR: 2018 DOI:

The 2018 Parker Solar/Heliophysics Lecture

Paxton, Larry; Cohen, Christina;

Published by: Published on:

YEAR: 2018 DOI:

Planetary Magnetospheres 60 years after Explorer 1

Paxton, LJ; Bagenal, F;

Published by: Published on:

YEAR: 2018 DOI:

General Contributions: Instruments Posters

Longcope, Dana; Paxton, Larry;

Published by: Published on:

YEAR: 2018 DOI:

Leveraging the New Space Revolution for Heliophysics Science II

Kepko, Larry; Paxton, Larry;

Published by: Published on:

YEAR: 2018 DOI:

Vertical Coupling in the Ionosphere—Thermosphere System I Posters

Heelis, Roderick; Rowland, Douglas; Paxton, Larry;

Published by: Published on:

YEAR: 2018 DOI:

2017

Revisiting Ionosphere-Thermosphere Responses to Solar Wind Driving in Superstorms of November 2003 and 2004

We revisit three complex superstorms of 19\textendash20 November 2003, 7\textendash8 November 2004, and 9\textendash11 November 2004 to analyze ionosphere-thermosphere (IT) effects driven by different solar wind structures associated with complex interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) and their upstream sheaths. The efficiency of the solar wind-magnetosphere connection throughout the storms is estimated by coupling functions. The daytime IT responses to the complex driving are characterized by combining and collocating (where possible) measurements of several physical parameters (total electron content or TEC, thermospheric infrared nitric oxide emission, and composition ratio) from multiple satellite platforms and ground-based measurements. A variety of metrics are utilized to examine global IT phenomena at ~1\ h timescales. The role of direct driving of IT dynamics by solar wind structures and the role of IT preconditioning in these storms, which feature complex unusual TEC responses, are examined and contrasted. Furthermore, IT responses to ICME magnetic clouds and upstream sheaths are separately characterized. We identify IT feedback effects that can be important for long-lasting strong storms. The role of the interplanetary magnetic field B_y component on ionospheric convection may not be well captured by existing coupling functions. Mechanisms of thermospheric overdamping and consequential ionospheric feedback need to be further studied.

Verkhoglyadova, O.; Komjathy, A.; Mannucci, A.; Mlynczak, M.; Hunt, L.; Paxton, L.;

Published by: Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics Published on: 10/2017

YEAR: 2017 DOI: 10.1002/jgra.v122.1010.1002/2017JA024542

Ionospheric-thermospheric UV tomography: 3. A multisensor technique for creating full-orbit reconstructions of atmospheric UV emission

We present the Volume Emission Rate Tomography (VERT) technique for inverting satellite-based, multisensor limb and nadir measurements of atmospheric ultraviolet emission to create whole-orbit reconstructions of atmospheric volume emission rate. The VERT approach is more general than previous ionospheric tomography methods because it can reconstruct the volume emission rate field irrespective of the particular excitation mechanisms (e.g., radiative recombination, photoelectron impact excitation, and energetic particle precipitation in auroras); physical models are then applied to interpret the airglow. The technique was developed and tested using data from the Special Sensor Ultraviolet Limb Imager and Special Sensor Ultraviolet Spectrographic Imager instruments aboard the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program F-18 spacecraft and planned for use with upcoming remote sensing missions. The technique incorporates several features to optimize the tomographic solutions, such as the use of a nonnegative algorithm (Richardson-Lucy, RL) that explicitly accounts for the Poisson statistics inherent in optical measurements, capability to include extinction effects due to resonant scattering and absorption of the photons from the lines of sight, a pseudodiffusion-based regularization scheme implemented between iterations of the RL code to produce smoother solutions, and the capability to estimate error bars on the solutions. Tests using simulated atmospheric emissions verify that the technique performs well in a variety of situations, including daytime, nighttime, and even in the challenging terminator regions. Lastly, we consider ionospheric nightglow and validate reconstructions of the nighttime electron density against Advanced Research Project Agency (ARPA) Long-range Tracking and Identification Radar (ALTAIR) incoherent scatter radar data.

Hei, Matthew; Budzien, Scott; Dymond, Kenneth; Nicholas, Andrew; Paxton, Larry; Schaefer, Robert; Groves, Keith;

Published by: Radio Science Published on: 07/2017

YEAR: 2017 DOI: 10.1002/2015RS005887

Far ultraviolet instrument technology

The far ultraviolet (FUV) spectral range (from about 115 nm to 180 nm) is one of the most useful spectral regions for characterizing the upper atmosphere (thermosphere and ionosphere). The principal advantages are that there are FUV signatures of the major constituents of the upper atmosphere as well as the signatures of the high-latitude energy inputs. Because of the absorption by thermospheric O₂, the FUV signatures are seen against a \textquotedblleftblack\textquotedblright background, i.e., one that is not affected by ground albedo or clouds and, as a consequence, can make useful observations of the aurora during the day or when the Moon is above the horizon. In this paper we discuss the uses of FUV remote sensing, summarize the various techniques, and discuss the technological challenges. Our focus is on a particular type of FUV instrument, the scanning imaging spectrograph or SIS: an instrument exemplified by the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program Special Sensor Ultraviolet Imager and Thermosphere Ionosphere Mesosphere Energetics and Dynamics Global Ultraviolet Imager. The SIS combines spatial imaging of the disk with limb profiles as well as spectral information at each point in the scan.

Paxton, Larry; Schaefer, Robert; Zhang, Yongliang; Kil, Hyosub;

Published by: Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics Published on: 01/2017

YEAR: 2017 DOI: 10.1002/jgra.v122.210.1002/2016JA023578

Space Physics and Aeronomy Agency Night

Paxton, Larry; Wiltberger, Michael; Luce, Peg;

Published by: Published on:

YEAR: 2017 DOI:

Multi-instrument observation of simultaneous polar cap auroras on open and closed magnetic field lines

Reidy, JA; Fear, RC; Whiter, DK; Lanchester, BS; Kavanagh, AJ; Paxton, LJ; Zhang, Y; Lester, Mark;

Published by: Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics Published on:

YEAR: 2017 DOI:

Transpolar arcs observed simultaneously in both hemispheres

Carter, Jennifer; Milan, Stephen; Fear, RC; Walach, M-T; Harrison, ZA; Paxton, LJ; Hubert, Beno\^\it;

Published by: Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics Published on:

YEAR: 2017 DOI:

Global distribution of nighttime medium-scale traveling ionospheric disturbances seen by Swarm satellites

Kil, Hyosub; Paxton, Larry;

Published by: Geophysical Research Letters Published on:

YEAR: 2017 DOI:

Incorporating and Managing Independent Research Projects in the Class

Summers, Michael; Rosenberg, Jessica; Paxton, Larry;

Published by: Published on:

YEAR: 2017 DOI:

A New More Accurate Calibration for TIMED/GUVI

Schaefer, RK; Aiello, J; Wolven, BC; Paxton, LJ; Romeo, G; Zhang, Y;

Published by: Published on:

YEAR: 2017 DOI:

Superstorms of November 2003 and 2004: the role of solar wind driving in the ionosphere-thermosphere dynamics

Verkhoglyadova, Olga; Komjathy, Attila; Mannucci, Anthony; Mlynczak, Martin; Hunt, Linda; Paxton, Larry;

Published by: Published on:

YEAR: 2017 DOI:

The Now Age, New Space, and Transforming the Exploration of Geospace

Paxton, Larry;

Published by: Published on:

YEAR: 2017 DOI:

TIMED/GUVI Observations of Aurora, Ionosphere, Thermosphere and Solar EUV Variations

Zhang, Yongliang; Paxton, Larry; Schaefer, Robert;

Published by: Published on:

YEAR: 2017 DOI:

Understanding the Effects of Lower Boundary Conditions and Eddy Diffusion on the Ionosphere-Thermosphere System

Malhotra, Garima; Ridley, Aaron; Marsh, Daniel; Wu, Chen; Paxton, Larry;

Published by: Published on:

YEAR: 2017 DOI:

Two mechanisms for dayside polar cap auroral emissions under northward IMF

Carter, Jennifer; Milan, Steve; Paxton, Larry; Fogg, A;

Published by: Published on:

YEAR: 2017 DOI:

Driving of Dramatic Geomagnetic Activity by Enhancement of Meso-Scale Polar-cap Flows

Lyons, Larry; Gallardo-Lacourt, Bea; Zou, Ying; Nishimura, Yukitoshi; Anderson, Phillip; Angelopoulos, VASSILIS; Ruohoniemi, Michael; Mitchell, Elizabeth; Paxton, Larry; Nishitani, Nozomu;

Published by: Published on:

YEAR: 2017 DOI:

Modeling the Propagation of Atmospheric Gravity Waves Produced by an Underground Nuclear Explosion using the Transfer Function Model

Bruntz, Robert; Mayr, Hans; Paxton, Larry;

Published by: Published on:

YEAR: 2017 DOI:

On the need for Artificial Intelligence and Advanced Test and Evaluation Methods for Space Exploration.

Scheidt, DH; Hibbitts, CA; Chen, MH; Bekker, DL; Paxton, LJ; , others;

Published by: Published on:

YEAR: 2017 DOI:

The 2017 Van Allen Lecture

Paxton, Larry; Cohen, Christina;

Published by: Published on:

YEAR: 2017 DOI:

Monitoring Geospace Variations Through Remote Sensing III Posters

Zhang, Yongliang; Paxton, Larry; Sibeck, David; Schaefer, Robert;

Published by: Published on:

YEAR: 2017 DOI:

2016

Polar cap arcs: Sun-aligned or cusp-aligned?

Zhang, Y.; Paxton, L.J.; Zhang, Qinghe; Xing, Zanyang;

Published by: Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics Published on: 08/2016

YEAR: 2016 DOI: 10.1016/j.jastp.2016.06.001

Polar cap arcs Cusp Reconnection Kelvin Helmholtz Instability Velocity shear Field aligned current

High-latitude energy input and its impact on the thermosphere

This paper presents a quantitative assessment of high-latitude energy input and its partitioning in the polar cap by synthesizing various space and ground-based observations during the 17 January 2005 geomagnetic storm. It was found that Joule heating is the primary form of magnetospheric energy input, especially during active times when the hemispheric-integrated Joule heating can be an order of magnitude larger than the hemispheric-integrated auroral power. Most of magnetospheric energy is dissipated in the auroral zone rather than in the polar cap. On average, only about 22\textendash25\% of the total hemispheric energy input is dissipated into the polar cap region bordered by the convection reversal boundary (CRB) and the poleward auroral flux boundary (FXB). The impact of high-latitude energy input was also investigated to unveil the causal relationship between Joule heating and the formation of polar cap mass density anomalies. Our numerical simulation demonstrated that thermosphere dynamics readily redistributes composition, temperature, and mass through upwelling and atmospheric gravity waves. The polar cap mass density anomalies observed by the CHAMP satellite during the storm were largely a result of large-scale atmospheric gravity waves. Therefore, an increase in local thermospheric mass density does not necessarily mean there is direct energy input.

Lu, G.; Richmond, A.; Lühr, H.; Paxton, L.;

Published by: Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics Published on: 07/2016

YEAR: 2016 DOI: 10.1002/2015JA022294

Solar wind driving of ionosphere-thermosphere responses in three storms near St. Patrick's Day in 2012, 2013, and 2015

We identify interplanetary plasma regions associated with three intense interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs)-driven geomagnetic storm intervals which occurred around the same time of the year: day of year 74\textendash79 (March) of 2012, 2013, and 2015. We show that differences in solar wind drivers lead to different dynamical ionosphere-thermosphere (IT) responses and to different preconditioning of the IT system. We introduce a new hourly based global metric for average low-latitude and northern middle-latitude vertical total electron content responses in the morning, afternoon, and evening local time ranges, derived from measurements from globally distributed Global Navigation Satellite System ground stations. Our novel technique of estimating nitric oxide (NO) cooling radiation in 11\textdegree latitudinal zones is based on Thermosphere-Ionosphere-Mesosphere Energetics and Dynamics (TIMED)/Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry (SABER) measurements. The thermospheric cooling throughout the storm phases is studied with this high latitudinal resolution for the first time. Additionally, TIMED/Global Ultraviolet Imager (GUVI) observations of the dynamical response of the thermospheric composition (O/N₂ ratio) are utilized to study negative ionospheric storm effects. Based on these data sets, we describe and quantify distinct IT responses to driving by ICME sheaths, magnetic clouds, coronal loop remnants, plasma discontinuities, and high-speed streams following ICMEs. Our analysis of coupling functions indicates strong connection between coupling with the solar wind and IT system response in ICME-type storms and also some differences. Knowledge of interplanetary features is crucial for understanding IT storm dynamics.

Verkhoglyadova, O.; Tsurutani, B.; Mannucci, A.; Mlynczak, M.; Hunt, L.; Paxton, L.; Komjathy, A.;

Published by: Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics Published on: 07/2016

YEAR: 2016 DOI: 10.1002/jgra.v121.910.1002/2016JA022883

SSUSI-lite: next generation far-ultraviolet sensor for characterizing geospace

Paxton, Larry; Hicks, John; Grey, Matthew; Parker, Charles; Hourani, Ramsay; Marcotte, Kathryn; Carlsson, Uno; Kerem, Samuel; Osterman, Steven; Maas, Bryan; , others;