Bibliography

Correlations Between Giant Undulations and Plasmapause Configurations

In this letter, we report the correlations between giant undulations (GUs) and plasmapause (PP) configurations based on GUs images and corresponding PP crossings of satellites between 2005 and 2019. Typically, GUs occur when the plasmasphere is eroded to form a thin and sharp PP during the storm main phase and early recovery phase. The thicknesses of the PP are usually comparable with the azimuthal wavelengths of the GUs and are smaller than the radial amplitudes of the GUs. The amplitudes and wavelengths are quasi-proportional to the thicknesses of the PP and are inversely quasi-proportional to the ion density gradients around the PP. The radial centers of GUs are typically aligned with the PP surfaces and their radial geocentric locations show positive correlations for different geomagnetic storms. These results would provide both physical insights and model constrains on the magnetosphere-plasmasphere-ionosphere energy coupling and the generation mechanisms of the GUs and plasmapause surface waves.

Zhou, Yi-Jia; He, Fei; Yao, Zhong-Hua; Wei, Yong; Zhang, Xiao-Xin; Zhang, Yong-Liang;

Published by: Geophysical Research Letters      Published on:

YEAR: 2022     DOI: 10.1029/2022GL098627

Ionosphere; Giant Undulations; plasmapause; plasmapause surface waves

Improving Neutral Density Predictions Using Exospheric Temperatures Calculated on a Geodesic, Polyhedral Grid

A new model of exospheric temperatures has been developed, with the objective of predicting global values with greater spatial and temporal accuracy. From these temperatures, the neutral densities in the thermosphere can be calculated, through use of the Naval Research Laboratory Mass Spectrometer and Incoherent Scatter radar Extended (NRLMSISE-00) model. The exospheric temperature model is derived from measurements of the neutral densities on several satellites. These data were sorted into triangular cells on a geodesic grid, based on location. Prediction equations are derived for each grid cell using least error fits. Several versions of the model equations have been tested, using parameters such as the date, time, solar radiation, and nitric oxide emissions, as measured with the Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry (SABER) instrument on the Thermosphere Ionosphere Mesosphere Energetics and Dynamics (TIMED) satellite. Accuracy is improved with the addition of the total Poynting flux flowing into the polar regions, from an empirical model that uses the solar wind velocity and interplanetary magnetic field. Given such inputs, the model can produce global maps of the exospheric temperature. These maps show variations in the polar regions that are strongly modulated by the time of day, due to the daily rotation of the magnetic poles. For convenience the new model is referred to with the acronym EXTEMPLAR (EXospheric TEMperatures on a PoLyhedrAl gRid). Neutral densities computed from the EXTEMPLAR-NRLMSISE-00 models combined are found to produce very good results when compared with measured values.

Weimer, D.; Mehta, P.; Tobiska, W.; Doornbos, E.; Mlynczak, M.; Drob, D.; Emmert, J.;

Published by: Space Weather      Published on: 12/2019

YEAR: 2020     DOI: 10.1029/2019SW002355

How might the thermosphere and ionosphere react to an extreme space weather event?

This chapter explores how the thermosphere and ionosphere (T-I) might respond to extreme solar events. Three different scenarios are considered: (1) an increase in solar UV and EUV radiation for a number of days, (2) an extreme enhancement in the solar X-rays and EUV radiation associated with a flare, and (3) an extreme CME driving a geomagnetic storm. Estimating the response to the first two scenarios is reasonably well defined, and although they would certainly impact the T-I system, those impacts could potentially be mitigated. In contrast, the response to an extreme geomagnetic storm is significantly more complicated, making the response much more uncertain, and mitigation more challenging.

Fuller-Rowell, Tim; Emmert, John; Fedrizzi, Mariangel; Weimer, Daniel; Codrescu, Mihail; Pilinski, Marcin; Sutton, Eric; Viereck, Rodney; Raeder, Joachim; Doornbos, Eelco;

Published by:       Published on:

YEAR: 2018     DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-12-812700-1.00021-2

Transpolar arc observation after solar wind entry into the high-latitude magnetosphere

Recently, Cluster observations have revealed the presence of new regions of solar wind plasma entry at the high-latitude magnetospheric lobes tailward of the cusp region, mostly during periods of northward interplanetary magnetic field. In this study, observations from the Global Ultraviolet Imager (GUVI) experiment on board the TIMED spacecraft and Wideband Imaging Camera imager on board the IMAGE satellite are used to investigate a possible link between solar wind entry and the formation of transpolar arcs in the polar cap. We focus on a case when transpolar arc formation was observed twice right after the two solar wind entry events were detected by the Cluster spacecraft. In addition, GUVI and IMAGE observations show a simultaneous occurrence of auroral activity at low and high latitudes after the second entry event, possibly indicating a two-part structure of the continuous band of the transpolar arc.

Mailyan, B.; Shi, Q.; Kullen, A.; Maggiolo, R.; Zhang, Y.; Fear, R.; Zong, Q.-G.; Fu, S; Gou, X.; Cao, X.; Yao, Z.; Sun, W.; Wei, Y.; Pu, Z;

Published by: Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics      Published on: 05/2015

YEAR: 2015     DOI: 10.1002/2014JA020912

magnetosphere-ionosphere coupling; transpolar arcs; in situ measurements

The relationship between solar wind entry processes and transpolar arc formation

Mailyan, Bagrat; Shi, Quanqi; Maggiolo, Romain; Zong, Qiugang; Cao, Xin; Zhang, Yongliang; Yao, Zhonghua; Fu, SuiYan; Wei, Yong; Pu, Zuyin;

Published by:       Published on:

YEAR: 2014     DOI:

Specification of Auroral Ionospheric Conductances Using SSUSI and GUVI UV Imagery

Paxton, Larry; Zhang, Yongliang; Schaefer, Robert; Weiss, Michele; Miller, Ethan;

Published by:       Published on:

YEAR: 2014     DOI:

Establishing the connection between crowd-sourced data and decision makers

Paxton, Larry; Swartz, W; Strong, Shadrian; Nix, MG; Schaefer, Robert; Weiss, Michele;

Published by:       Published on:

YEAR: 2014     DOI:

Improving Discoverability of Geophysical Data using Location Based Services

Morrison, Daniel; Barnes, Robin; Potter, Matthew; Nylund, Stuart; Patrone, Dennis; Weiss, Michele; Talaat, Elsayed; Sarris, Theodore; Smith, Daniel;

Published by:       Published on:

YEAR: 2014     DOI:

The evolving space weather system—Van Allen Probes contribution

Zanetti, LJ; Mauk, BH; Fox, NJ; Barnes, RJ; Weiss, M; Sotirelis, TS; Raouafi, N-E; Kessel, RL; Becker, HN;

Published by: Space Weather      Published on:

YEAR: 2014     DOI:

Multi-Instrument Observations at High Latitudes

Miller, E; Paxton, L; Schaefer, RK; Weiss, M; Wolven, BC; Zhang, Y;

Published by:       Published on:

YEAR: 2013     DOI:

UV Remote Sensing Data Products-Turning Data Into Knowledge

Weiss, M; Paxton, L; Schaefer, RK; Comberiate, J; Hsieh, SW; Romeo, G; Wolven, BC; Zhang, Y;

Published by:       Published on:

YEAR: 2013     DOI:

SSUSI: A Newly Available Resource for the Upper Atmosphere Community to Study the Global Response of the Coupled Ionosphere Thermosphere System

Paxton, L; Schaefer, RK; Weiss, M; Wolven, BC; Zhang, Y; Miller, E; Bust, GS; Romeo, G;

Published by:       Published on:

YEAR: 2013     DOI:

VITMO: A Case Study in Virtual Observatories as Data Portals and Development of Web Services as Search Tools

Smith, D; Barnes, RJ; Morrison, D; Talaat, ER; Potter, M; Patrone, D; Weiss, M; Sarris, T;

Published by:       Published on:

YEAR: 2013     DOI:

The effects of Corotating interaction region/High speed stream storms on the thermosphere and ionosphere during the last solar minimum

Burns, A.G.; Solomon, S.C.; Qian, L.; Wang, W.; Emery, B.A.; Wiltberger, M.; Weimer, D.R.;

Published by: Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics      Published on: Jan-07-2012

YEAR: 2012     DOI: 10.1016/j.jastp.2012.02.006

Anomalously low geomagnetic energy inputs during 2008 solar minimum

Deng, Yue; Huang, Yanshi; Solomon, Stan; Qian, Liying; Knipp, Delores; Weimer, Daniel; Wang, Jing-Song;

Published by: Journal of Geophysical Research      Published on: Jan-01-2012

YEAR: 2012     DOI: 10.1029/2012JA018039

High-speed stream impacts on the equatorial ionization anomaly region during the deep solar minimum year 2008

Liu, Jing; Liu, Libo; Zhao, Biqiang; Wei, Yong; Hu, Lianhuan; Xiong, B.;

Published by: Journal of Geophysical Research      Published on: Jan-01-2012

YEAR: 2012     DOI: 10.1029/2012JA018015

Modeling studies of the impact of high-speed streams and co-rotating interaction regions on the thermosphere-ionosphere

Solomon, Stanley; Burns, Alan; Emery, Barbara; Mlynczak, Martin; Qian, Liying; Wang, Wenbin; Weimer, Daniel; Wiltberger, Michael;

Published by: Journal of Geophysical Research      Published on: Jan-01-2012

YEAR: 2012     DOI: 10.1029/2011JA017417

Space Weather Products from UV Imagers in Low Earth Orbit-Providing Key Information about the ITM Environment

Romeo, G; Paxton, LJ; Schaefer, RK; DeMajistre, R; Comberiate, J; Hsieh, SW; Miller, ES; Weiss, M; Wolven, BC; Zhang, Y;

Published by:       Published on:

YEAR: 2012     DOI:

New and Improved GUVI Data Products for ITM Research

Schaefer, RK; Paxton, LJ; DeMajistre, R; Comberiate, J; Hsieh, SW; Miller, ES; Romeo, G; Weiss, M; Wolven, BC; Zhang, Y;

Published by:       Published on:

YEAR: 2012     DOI:

Strong evidence for couplings between the ionospheric wave-4 structure and atmospheric tides

He, Maosheng; Liu, Libo; Wan, Weixing; Wei, Yong;

Published by: Geophysical Research Letters      Published on: Jan-07-2011

YEAR: 2011     DOI: 10.1029/2011GL047855

A Dataset Conjunction Locator Service for the Virtual ITM Observatory and Other VxOs

Morrison, D; Barnes, RJ; Potter, M; Talaat, ER; Weiss, M;

Published by:       Published on:

YEAR: 2011     DOI:

Comparison of the Hill\textendashSiscoe polar cap potential theory with the Weimer and AMIE models

Kelley, Michael; Crowley, Geoffrey; Weimer, Daniel;

Published by: Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics      Published on: Jan-03-2010

YEAR: 2010     DOI: 10.1016/j.jastp.2009.02.011

Enhanced UV Data Products-Observing the Ionosphere in Greater Fidelity

Wolven, BC; Paxton, LJ; Comberiate, J; Hsieh, SW; , Nylund; Schaefer, RK; Selby, C; Smith, D; Weiss, M; Zhang, Y;

Published by:       Published on:

YEAR: 2010     DOI:

Comparison of the Hill–Siscoe polar cap potential theory with the Weimer and AMIE models

The magnetic storm on November 2004 was characterized by a high solar wind pressure and thus offers a unique opportunity to test the Hill–Siscoe formula (H–S) for the polar cap potential (PCP). To estimate the polar cap potential, we use the Weimer Statistical Convection Model (WCM), and the Assimilative Mapping of Ionospheric Electrodynamics Model (AMIE), based on ingestion of a number of data sets. H–S is in excellent agreement with WCM, and with AMIE during times when DMSP is used in the latter. The implication is that the AMIE conductivity model yields conductivities that are too high by a factor of 2–3. Both H–S and WCM display saturation effects, although WCM is more severe. The two methods track well until an IEF of about 20mV/m occurs, where H–S continues to increase while WCM levels off. Even at high electric field values, the pressure increases the denominator of the H–S formula by 60\%, keeping the potential lower than its saturation value. There are several H–S points above 250kV, even up to 400kV, that are not found in WCM and occur right after a rapid transition from Bz north to south. For Bz north, we find evidence for a saturation effect on the PCP at large IEF, little effect as a function of solar wind velocity, and an increase of the PCP with increasing pressure. This seems to rule out viscous interaction but may involve geometric changes in the high-altitude polar cusp that affect recombination there for Bz north.

Kelley, Michael; Crowley, Geoffrey; Weimer, Daniel;

Published by: Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics      Published on:

YEAR: 2010     DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jastp.2009.02.011

Magnetic storm; Polar cap potential; Hill–Siscoe formula; solar wind

Searching Across Multiple Datasets with the Virtual ITM Observatory

Morrison, D; Weiss, M; Immer, EA; Patrone, D; Potter, M; Barnes, RJ; Colclough, C; Holder, R; McGuire, RE; Candey, RM; , others;

Published by:       Published on:

YEAR: 2010     DOI:

SWIFTER-Space Weather Informatics, Forecasting, and Technology through Enabling Research and Virtual Organizations

Schaefer, RK; Morrison, D; Paxton, L; Holm, J; Weiss, M; Hsieh, S;

Published by:       Published on:

YEAR: 2009     DOI:

Use of the Virtual ITM Observatory for Scientific Research

Weiss, M; Morrison, D; Immer, E; Potter, M; Patrone, D; Colclough, C; Holder, R; Barnes, RJ;

Published by:       Published on:

YEAR: 2009     DOI:

Accessing Space Weather Information

Morrison, D; Weiss, M; Immer, EA; Patrone, D; Potter, M; Barnes, RJ; Colclough, C; Holder, R;

Published by:       Published on:

YEAR: 2009     DOI:

Longitudinal variations of electron temperature and total ion density in the sunset equatorial topside ionosphere

Based on the DMSP F13 Satellite observations from 1995 to 2005, the longitudinal distributions of the electron temperature (Te) and total ion density (Ni) in the sunset equatorial topside ionosphere are examined. The results suggest that the longitudinal variations of both Te and Ni exhibit obvious seasonal dependence as follows: (1) wavenumber-four longitudinal structure in equinox, (2) three peaks structure in June solstice, and (3) two peaks structure in December solstice. Moreover, the longitudinal variations of Te and Ni show significant anti-correlation, and we speculate that the longitudinal variation of Te may result from that of Ni which can control Te through the electron cooling rate. The wavenumber-four longitudinal structures of both Te and Ni in equinox may relate to the eastward propagating zonal wavenumber-3 diurnal tide (DE3), which has effect on the amplitude of the daytime zonal electric field. The longitudinal variation of Te and Ni in the two solstices may be caused both by longitudinal variation of geomagnetic declination and DE3.

Ren, Zhipeng; Wan, Weixing; Liu, Libo; Zhao, Biqiang; Wei, Yong; Yue, Xinan; Heelis, Roderick;

Published by: Geophysical Research Letters      Published on:

YEAR: 2008     DOI: https://doi.org/10.1029/2007GL032998

topside ionosphere; longitudinal variation

Performing Science Research with the Virtual ITM Observatory

Morrison, D; Weiss, M; Immer, L; Patrone, D; Potter, M; Holder, R; Barnes, R; Colclough, C; Nylund, S; Yee, J; , others;

Published by:       Published on:

YEAR: 2008     DOI:

Enabling Science Research with Coordinated Data From SuperDARN and VITMO

Barnes, RJ; Morrison, D; Weiss, M; Immer, E; Potter, M; Holder, R; Patrone, D; Colclough, C; McGuire, R; Candey, R; , others;

Published by:       Published on:

YEAR: 2008     DOI:

VITMO: The Virtual Observatory for the ITM Community

Morrison, D; Weiss, M; Daley, R; Immer, L; Colclough, C; Holder, R; Jen, J; Patrone, D; Hashemian, M; Meckel, P; , others;

Published by:       Published on:

YEAR: 2007     DOI:

Enabling Science with the Virtual ITM Observatory

Morrison, D; Weiss, M; Immer, L; Holder, R; Barnes, R; Colclough, C; Potter, M; Daley, R; Hashemian, M; Nylund, S; , others;

Published by:       Published on:

YEAR: 2007     DOI:

Data Search in the Virtual ITM Observatory

Morrison, D; Weiss, M; Daley, R; Immer, L; Colclough, C; Holder, R; Jen, J; Hashemian, M; Meckel, P; Potter, M; , others;

Published by:       Published on:

YEAR: 2007     DOI:

VITMO: A Virtual Observatory for the ITM Community

Morrison, D; Weiss, M; Daley, R; Immer, L; Nylund, S; Yee, J; Talaat, E; Russell, J; Heelis, R; Kozyra, J; , others;

Published by:       Published on:

YEAR: 2006     DOI:

Scientific resource access system: A concept for getting" living with a star" information to do science

Daley, Rose; Immer, Elisabeth; Fortner, Brand; Weiss, Michele;

Published by: Johns Hopkins APL technical digest      Published on:

YEAR: 2005     DOI:

A Virtual Metadata Generator for the TIMED Program

Morrison, D; Weiss, M; Daley, R; Immer, E; Hashemian, M; Nylund, S; Skura, J;

Published by:       Published on:

YEAR: 2005     DOI:

The Need for an Integrated Ionosphere-Thermosphere Data System: Lessons Learned from the GUVI DP POC

Holland, D; Weiss, MB; Morrison, DD; Paxton, LJ; Eichert, J;

Published by:       Published on:

YEAR: 2004     DOI:

Using XML to perform a web-based interrogation of large-scale Space Physics data sets focusing on TIMED and SuperDARN data

Weiss, M; Morrison, D; Paxton, L; Barnes, R;

Published by:       Published on:

YEAR: 2003     DOI:

Exploiting Web-Based Systems to Provide Interactive Interpretation, Access and Display of Far Ultraviolet Data from the Global Ultraviolet Imager (GUVI) on TIMED

Weiss, MB; Paxton, LJ; Barnes, RJ; Eichert, JJ; Wood, WC; Morrison, D; Christensen, AB; Strickland, DJ; Craven, JD; Meier, RR; , others;

Published by:       Published on:

YEAR: 2002     DOI:

Imaging Space Weather in the Far Ultraviolet with NASA TIMED GUVI

Paxton, L; Morrison, D; Zhang, Y; Kil, H; Wolven, B; Humm, D; Ogorzalek, B; Weiss, M; Wood, W; Barnes, R; , others;

Published by:       Published on:

YEAR: 2002     DOI:

Data Visualization Tools and Techniques developed for the TIMED/GUVI Instrument

Morrison, D; Barnes, R; Paxton, L; Weiss, M; Wolven, B; Christensen, A; Craven, J; Crowley, G; Avery, S; Meier, R; , others;

Published by:       Published on:

YEAR: 2002     DOI:

Validation of the Environmental Data Products from the Global Ultraviolet Imager (GUVI) on NASA s TIMED Mission

Paxton, L; Morrison, D; Zhang, Y; Kil, H; Wolven, B; Humm, D; Ogorzalek, B; Weiss, M; Wood, W; Barnes, R; , others;

Published by:       Published on:

YEAR: 2002     DOI:

Global ultraviolet imager (GUVI): Measuring composition and energy inputs for the NASA Thermosphere Ionosphere Mesosphere Energetics and Dynamics (TIMED) mission

Paxton, Larry; Christensen, Andrew; Humm, David; Ogorzalek, Bernard; Pardoe, Thompson; Morrison, Daniel; Weiss, Michele; Crain, W; Lew, Patricia; Mabry, Dan; , others;

Published by:       Published on:

YEAR: 1999     DOI:

Global ultraviolet imager (GUVI): measuring composition and energy inputs for the NASA Thermosphere Ionosphere Mesosphere Energetics and Dynamics (TIMED) mission

The Global Ultraviolet Imager (GUVI) on the NASA Thermosphere Ionosphere Mesosphere Energetics and Dynamics (TIMED) mission will determine the variability in thermospheric composition, and its response to auroral inputs as well as measuring those inputs. GUVI is the result of twenty years of work in designing large field of regard far ultraviolet (110 - 180 nm) imagers for spaceflight. These systems are based on the concept of a horizon-to-horizon \textquoterightmonochromatic\textquoteright imager. The field of view of a spectrograph is swept from horizon to horizon using a scan mirror. The spectrograph uses a grating to spectrally disperse the light. A two-dimensional detector is used to record spatial and spectral information simultaneously. Images are obtained at discrete wavelengths without the use of filters; this reduces if not eliminates much of the concern about instrumental bandpasses, out-of-band rejection, and characterization of filter responses. Onboard processing is used to bin the spectral information into \textquoterightcolors\textquoteright thereby reducing the overall data rate required. The spectral bandpass is chosen to lie in the far ultraviolet so that the sunlit and dark aurora can be imaged. We review the instrument\textquoterights as delivered performance and the TIMED science requirements. TIMED will be launched May 18, 2000 and will inaugurate the Solar-Terrestrial Connections program at NASA.

Paxton, L.J.; Christensen, A.~B.; Humm, D.~C.; Ogorzalek, B.~S.; Pardoe, C.~T.; Morrison, D.; Weiss, M.~B.; Crain, W.; Lew, P.~H.; Mabry, D.~J.; Goldsten, J.~O.; Gary, S.~A.; Persons, D.~F.; Harold, M.~J.; Alvarez, E.~B.; Ercol, C.~J.; Strickland, D.~J.; Meng, C.-I.;

Published by:       Published on:

YEAR: 1999     DOI:

Design and performance of the Global Ultraviolet Imager (GUVI)

Humm, David; Paxton, Larry; Christensen, Andrew; Ogorzalek, Bernard; Pardoe, Thompson; Meng, Ching-I; Morrison, Daniel; Strickland, Douglas; Evans, Scott; Weiss, Michele; , others;

Published by:       Published on:

YEAR: 1998     DOI:

Design and performance of the Global Ultraviolet Imager (GUVI)

Paxton\textordmasculine, LJ; Christensen, AB; Ogorzalek\textordmasculine, BS; Pardoe, CT; Meng\textordmasculine, CI; Morrison, D; Strickland, DJ; JS, Evans; Weiss, MB; Crain, W; , others;

Published by: EUV, X-ray, and Gamma-ray Instrumentation for Astronomy      Published on:

YEAR: 1998     DOI:

Design and performance of the Global Ultraviolet Imager (GUVI)

The Global UV imager (GUVI) is an imaging spectrometer on the NASA TIMED spacecraft. GUVI produces simultaneous monochromatic images at five \textquoterightcolors\textquoteright as its field of view is scanned from horizon to horizon. The instrument consists of a scan mirror feeding a parabolic telescope and Rowland circle spectrometer, with a wedge-and-strip detector at the focal plane. We describe the design, and give an overview of the environmental parameters that will be measured. GUVI is a modified version of the Special Sensor UV Spectrographic Imager (SSUSI), which will fly on the DMSP Block 5D3 satellites S-16 through S-20, We present some results from the optical calibration of the five SSUSI units.

Humm, D.~C.; Paxton, L.J.; Christensen, A.~B.; Ogorzalek, B.~S.; Pardoe, C.~T.; Meng, C.-I.; Morrison, D.; Strickland, D.~J.; Evans, J.~S.; Weiss, M.~B.; Crain, W.; Lew, P.~H.; Mabry, D.~J.; Goldsten, J.~O.; Gary, S.~A.; Peacock, K.; Persons, D.~F.; Harold, M.~J.; Alvarez, E.~B.; Ercol, C.~J.;

Published by:       Published on:

YEAR: 1998     DOI: