Bibliography

Auroral Ionospheric E Region Parameters Obtained From Satellite-Based Far Ultraviolet and Ground-Based Ionosonde Observations: Data, Methods, and Comparisons

A large number (~1,000) of coincident auroral far ultraviolet (FUV) and ground-based ionosonde observations are compared. This is the largest study to date of coincident satellite-based FUV and ground-based observations of the auroral E region. FUV radiance values from the NASA Thermosphere, Ionosphere, Mesosphere Energetics and Dynamics Global Ultraviolet Imager and the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program F16 and F18 Special Sensor Ultraviolet Spectrographic Imager are included in the study. A method is described for deriving auroral ionospheric E region maximum electron density (NmE) and height of maximum electron density (hmE) from N₂ Lyman-Birge-Hopfield radiances given in two channels using lookup tables generated with the Boltzmann 3-Constituent (B3C) auroral particle transport and optical emission model. Our rules for scaling (i.e., extracting ionospheric parameters from) ionograms to obtain auroral NmE and hmE are also described. Statistical and visual comparison methods establish statistical consistency and agreement between the two methods for observing auroral NmE, but not auroral hmE. It is expected that auroral nonuniformity will cause the two NmE methods to give inconsistent results, but we have not attempted to quantify this effect in terms of more basic principles, and our results show that the two types of NmE observations are well correlated and statistically symmetrical, meaning that there is no overall bias and no scale-dependent bias.

Knight, H.; Galkin, I.; Reinisch, B.; Zhang, Y.;

Published by: Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics      Published on: 06/2018

YEAR: 2018     DOI: 10.1029/2017JA024822

Auroral ionospheric E region parameters obtained from satellite-based far ultraviolet and ground-based ionosonde observations: Data, methods, and comparisons

A large number (~1,000) of coincident auroral far ultraviolet (FUV) and ground-based ionosonde observations are compared. This is the largest study to date of coincident satellite-based FUV and ground-based observations of the auroral E region. FUV radiance values from the NASA Thermosphere, Ionosphere, Mesosphere Energetics and Dynamics Global Ultraviolet Imager and the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program F16 and F18 Special Sensor Ultraviolet Spectrographic Imager are included in the study.

Knight, HK; Galkin, IA; Reinisch, BW; Zhang, Y;

Published by: Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics      Published on:

YEAR: 2018     DOI: 10.1029/2017JA024822

Comparing Auroral Far Ultraviolet Images and Coincident Ionosonde Observations of the Auroral E Region

, Knight; Galkin, Ivan; Reinisch, Bodo;

Published by:       Published on:

YEAR: 2014     DOI:

The International Reference Ionosphere 2012--a model of international collaboration

Bilitza, Dieter; Altadill, David; Zhang, Yongliang; Mertens, Chris; Truhlik, Vladimir; Richards, Phil; McKinnell, Lee-Anne; Reinisch, Bodo;

Published by: Journal of Space Weather and Space Climate      Published on:

YEAR: 2014     DOI:

Determining relative proton and electron auroral LBH emission efficiencies from FUV-ionosonde comparisons-preliminary results

Knight, HK; Galkin, IA; Reinisch, BW; Paxton, L;

Published by:       Published on:

YEAR: 2013     DOI:

Equatorial ionosphere responses to two magnetic storms of moderate intensity from conjugate point observations in Brazil

Equatorial ionospheric responses during two magnetic storms of moderate intensity are investigated, for the first time, by conjugate point observations in Brazil. The study focuses on storm-induced changes in the evening prereversal vertical drift, thermospheric trans-equatorial winds, spread F/plasma bubble irregularity development, electron density/plasma frequency heights, the EIA strength, and zonal plasma drifts. It is based on data obtained from five Digisondes operated in Brazil, three of them being part of a conjugate point equatorial experiment (COPEX) involving a dip equatorial and two magnetic conjugate sites at \textpm12\textdegree. The other two were operated at the equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA) trough and crest locations at nearby magnetic meridians. The results bring out, and clarify, many outstanding aspects of the strong influence of storm time electric fields on the equatorial ionosphere at different phases of the two long lasting storm sequences. During both storms prompt penetration electric fields dominated the ionospheric response features as compared to the disturbance wind dynamo effects that were not very conspicuous. An under-shielding (over-shielding) electric field occurring in the evening hours causes enhancement (suppression) of the prereversal vertical drift and post sunset spread F/plasma bubble generation. The same electric fields cause post sunset EIA enhancement and suppression, respectively. Post sunset (post midnight) spread F can develop from under-shielding (over-shielding) electric fields, while it can be disrupted by over-shielding (under-shielding) electric field. Trans-equatorial winds are found to be ineffective to stabilize the post sunset F region against the destabilizing effect of strong prereversal vertical drift. Storm time westward plasma drifts are found to be driven by prompt penetration eastward electric fields (through their effect of inducing vertical Hall electric fields), rather than by a disturbance westward thermospheric wind during these storms.

Abdu, M.; Batista, I.; Bertoni, F.; Reinisch, B.; Kherani, E.; Sobral, J.;

Published by: Journal of Geophysical Research      Published on: 05/2012

YEAR: 2012     DOI: 10.1029/2011JA017174

Equatorial ionosphere; Magnetic storms; plasma bubbles; plasma drifts; spread F; transequatorial winds

The international reference ionosphere today and in the future

The international reference ionosphere (IRI) is the internationally recognized and recommended standard for the specification of plasma parameters in Earth’s ionosphere. It describes

Bilitza, Dieter; McKinnell, Lee-Anne; Reinisch, Bodo; Fuller-Rowell, Tim;

Published by: Journal of Geodesy      Published on:

YEAR: 2011     DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00190-010-0427-x

Near Earth space plasma monitoring under COST 296

This review paper presents the main achievements of the near Earth space plasma monitoring under COST 296

Action. The outputs of the COST 296 community making data, historical and real-time, standardized and available\ to the ionospheric community for their research, applications and modeling purposes are presented. The contribution\ of COST 296 with the added value of the validated data made possible a trusted ionospheric monitoring\ for research and modeling purposes, and it served for testing and improving the algorithms producing real-time

data and providing data users measurement uncertainties. These value added data also served for calibration and

validation of space-borne sensors. New techniques and parameters have been developed for monitoring the near\ Earth space plasma, as time dependent 2D maps of vertical total electron content (vTEC), other key ionospheric\ parameters and activity indices for distinguishing disturbed ionospheric conditions, as well as a technique for improving\ the discrepancies of different mapping services. The dissemination of the above products has been developed\ by COST 296 participants throughout the websites making them available on-line for real-time applications.

Altadill, D.; Boska, J.; Cander, L.; Gulyaeva, T.; Reinisch, B.; Romano, V.; Krankowski, A.; Bremer, J.; Belehaki, A.; Stanislawska, I.; Jakowski, N.; Scotto, C.;

Published by: Annals of Geophysics      Published on: 06/2009

YEAR: 2009     DOI:

Large variations in the thermosphere and ionosphere during minor geomagnetic disturbances in April 2002 and their association with IMF B _y

We investigate the variations in the thermosphere and ionosphere using multi-instrument observations during the April 2002 period, with a particular focus on periods during small geomagnetic disturbances. Large and long-lasting reductions in the daytime electron density were observed at midlatitudes by incoherent scatter radars, ionosondes, and GPS receivers. These reductions reached 30\textendash50\% and were observed over an extended longitudinal area. They propagated to middle latitudes (35\textendash40\textdegreeN) in the case of a weak geomagnetic disturbance (K_p = 3-) and to low latitudes (0\textendash10\textdegreeN) in the case of a stronger disturbance (K_p = 5-). Data from the GUVI instrument aboard the TIMED satellite reveal a reduction in the daytime O/N₂ ratio in the coincident area. Similar decreases are also predicted by the TIMEGCM/ASPEN model in both O/N₂ ratio and electron density, though the magnitude of the decrease from the model is smaller than observed. We suggest that these ionospheric and thermospheric disturbances result from high-latitude energy input and efficient transport of regions with reduced O/N₂ to lower latitudes. We discuss the possible role of a strong positive B_y component of the interplanetary magnetic field in the transport of regions with reduced O/N₂.

Goncharenko, L.; Salah, J.; Crowley, G.; Paxton, L.; Zhang, Y.; Coster, A.; Rideout, W.; Huang, C.; Zhang, S.; Reinisch, B.; Taran, V.;

Published by: Journal of Geophysical Research      Published on: 03/2006

YEAR: 2006     DOI: 10.1029/2004JA010683

Electron density; thermospheric composition; thermospheric wind

Large variations in the thermosphere and ionosphere during minor geomagnetic disturbances in April 2002 and their association with IMF By

Goncharenko, L; Salah, J; Crowley, G; Paxton, LJ; Zhang, Y; Coster, A; Rideout, W; Huang, C; Zhang, S; Reinisch, B; , others;

Published by: Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics      Published on:

YEAR: 2006     DOI:

Variability in the Mesosphere/Thermosphere/Ionosphere System During the Quiet Time of April 2002

Goncharenko, LP; Salah, J; Coster, A; Rideout, W; , Zhang; Paxton, L; Zhang, Y; Crowley, G; , Taran; Reinisch, B; , others;

Published by:       Published on:

YEAR: 2003     DOI: