Bibliography

Attribution of interminima changes in the global thermosphere and ionosphere

We present a statistical attribution analysis of the changes in global annual average thermospheric mass density and ionospheric total electron content (TEC) between the cycle 22/23 solar minimum (which occurred at epoch 1996.4) and the prolonged cycle 23/24 minimum (2008.8). The mass density data are derived from orbital drag, and the TEC data are derived from ground-based GPS receivers. The interminima change in mass density was -36\% relative to the 1996.4 yearly average. Considering each multiplicative forcing independently, lower average geomagnetic activity during the cycle 23/24 minimum produced an interminima density change of at least -14\%, solar extreme ultraviolet (EUV) irradiance forcing produced a density change of -1\% to -13\%, and changes in thermospheric CO₂concentration produced a density change of -5\%. There was essentially no interminima change in global TEC derived from ground-based GPS receivers or space-based altimeters, even though past behavior suggests that it should have changed -3\% (0.2 TEC units (1 TECU = 10¹⁶ el m^-2)) in response to lower geomagnetic activity and -1\% to -9\% (0.1\textendash0.8 TECU) in response to lower EUV irradiance. There is large uncertainty in the interminima change of solar EUV irradiance; the mass density and TEC data suggest a plausible range of 0\% to -6\%.

Emmert, J.; McDonald, S.; Drob, D.; Meier, R.; Lean, J.; Picone, J.;

Published by: Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics      Published on: 08/2014

YEAR: 2014     DOI: 10.1002/2013JA019484

ionosphere total electron content; solar minimum; thermosphere mass density

SAMI3 Simulations of Ionospheric Variability from 1996 to 2011

McDonald, SE; Lean, J; Huba, JD; Emmert, JT; Drob, DP; Siefring, CL; Meier, RR; Picone, J;

Published by:       Published on:

YEAR: 2012     DOI:

A study of the strong linear relationship between the equatorial ionization anomaly and the prereversal E \texttimes B drift velocity at solar minimum

McDonald, Sarah; Coker, Clayton; Dymond, Kenneth; Anderson, David; Araujo-Pradere, Eduardo;

Published by: Radio Science      Published on: Jan-12-2011

YEAR: 2011     DOI: 10.1029/2011RS004702

Simulating Ionospheric Variability in the Descending Phase of Solar Cycle-23 using SAMI3

McDonald, SE; Lean, J; Huba, JD; Joyce, GR; Emmert, JT; Drob, DP; Stephan, AW; Siefring, CL; Meier, RR; Picone, J;

Published by:       Published on:

YEAR: 2011     DOI:

A study of the strong linear relationship between the equatorial ionization anomaly and the prereversal EXB drift velocity at solar minimum

It is known that there exists a linear relationship between the maximum velocity of the prereversal enhancement (PRE) of the EXB drift and the strength of the equatorial ionization

McDonald, Sarah; Coker, Clayton; Dymond, Kenneth; Anderson, David; Araujo-Pradere, Eduardo;

Published by: Radio Science      Published on:

YEAR: 2011     DOI: 10.1029/2011RS004702

Integrating the Sun-Earth System for the Operational Environment (ISES-OE)

Lean, J.; Huba, J.; McDonald, S.; Slinker, S.; Drob, D.; Emmert, J.; Meier, R.; Picone, J.; Joyce, G.; Krall, J.; Stephan, A.; Roach, K.; Knight, H.; Plunkett, S.; Wu, C.-C.; Wood, B.; Wang, Y.-M.; Howard, R.; Chen, J.; Bernhardt, P.; Fedder, J.;

Published by:       Published on:

YEAR: 2010     DOI:

Day-to-day variability of the equatorial ionization anomaly and scintillations at dusk observed by GUVI and modeling by SAMI3

Basu, Su.; Basu, S.; Huba, J.; Krall, J.; McDonald, S.; Makela, J.; Miller, E.; Ray, S.; Groves, K.;

Published by: Journal of Geophysical Research      Published on: Jan-01-2009

YEAR: 2009     DOI: 10.1029/2008JA013899

Continuous FUV/EUV Imaging of the Ionosphere from Geosynchronous Orbit

Wood, Kent; Dymond, KF; Budzien, SA; McDonald, SE; Coker, C; Nicholas, AC; Kowalski, MP;

Published by: To use new imaging systems to generate measurements in 2-dimensional formats continuously for large regions with high spatial resolution      Published on:

YEAR: 2009     DOI:

Hemispheric asymmetries in the longitudinal structure of the low-latitude nighttime ionosphere

McDonald, SE; Dymond, KF; Summers, ME;

Published by: Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics      Published on:

YEAR: 2008     DOI:

Day to day and longitudinal variability of the nighttime low latitude terrestrial ionosphere

The GUVI data were obtained from the GUVI website at JHU/APL. The ionosonde data were We use FUV measurements from both LORAAS and GUVI instruments throughout this work.

McDonald, Sarah;

Published by:       Published on:

YEAR: 2007     DOI:

Extreme longitudinal variability of plasma structuring in the equatorial ionosphere on a magnetically quiet equinoctial day

McDonald, Sarah; Basu, Sunanda; Basu, Santimay; Groves, Keith; Valladares, Cesar; Scherliess, Ludger; Thompson, Donald; Schunk, Robert; Sojka, Jan; Zhu, Lie;

Published by: Radio Science      Published on: Jan-12-2006

YEAR: 2006     DOI: 10.1029/2005RS003366

Simultaneous inversion of total electron content and UV radiance data to produce F region electron densities

The High Resolution Airglow and Aurora Spectroscopy (HIRAAS) experiment was launched aboard ARGOS on 23 February 1999. The HIRAAS experiment operated from mid-May

Dymond, KF; McDonald, SE; Coker, C; Bernhardt, PA; Selcher, CA;

Published by: Radio science      Published on:

YEAR: 2006     DOI: 10.1029/2005RS003363

Longitudinal Variability of Plasma Structuring in the Equatorial and Middle Latitudes During Magnetically Quiet and Disturbed Times-A Global MIT Coupling Issue

Basu, S; Valladres, C; McDonald, S; Groves, K;

Published by:       Published on:

YEAR: 2005     DOI:

A Comparison of LORAAS and GUVI Observations of the Low-Latitude Ionosphere

McDonald, SE; Makela, JJ; Meier, RR; Dymond, KF; Thonnard, SE; Budzien, SA; Christensen, AB; Paxton, LJ; Morrison, D; McCoy, RP;

Published by:       Published on:

YEAR: 2004     DOI:

Multi-instrument Observations of the Development of the Equatorial Ionization Anomaly and Links to Scintillation

McDonald, SE; Basu, S; Groves, K; Scherliess, L; Thompson, DC; Schunk, RW; Sojka, JJ; Zhu, L;

Published by:       Published on:

YEAR: 2004     DOI: