Bibliography

Exospheric Temperature Measured by NASA-GOLD Under Low Solar Activity: Comparison With Other Data Sets

Exospheric temperature is one of the key parameters in constructing thermospheric models and has been extensively studied with in situ observations and remote sensing. The Global-scale Observations of the Limb and Disk (GOLD) at a geosynchronous vantage point provides dayglow limb images for two longitude sectors, from which we can estimate the terrestrial exospheric temperature since 2018. In this paper, we investigate climatological behavior of the exospheric temperature measured by GOLD. The temperature has positive correlations with solar and geomagnetic activity and exhibits a morning-afternoon asymmetry, both of which agree with previous studies. We have found that the arithmetic sum of F10.7 (solar) and Ap (geomagnetic) indices is highly correlated with the exospheric temperature, explaining ∼64\% of the day-to-day variability. Furthermore, the exospheric temperature has good correlation with thermospheric parameters (e.g., neutral temperature, O2 density, and NO emission index) sampled at various heights above ∼130 km, in spite of the well-known thermal gradient below ∼200 km. However, thermospheric temperature at altitudes around 100 km is not well correlated with the GOLD exospheric temperature. The result implies that effects other than thermospheric heating by solar Extreme Ultraviolet and geomagnetic activity take control below a threshold altitude that exists between ∼100 and ∼130 km.

Park, Jaeheung; Evans, Joseph; Eastes, Richard; Lumpe, Jerry; van den Ijssel, Jose; Englert, Christoph; Stevens, Michael;

Published by: Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics      Published on:

YEAR: 2022     DOI: 10.1029/2021JA030041

Aura/MLS; exospheric temperature; GOLD; ICON; swarm; TIMED/SABER

First Results From the Retrieved Column O/N2 Ratio From the Ionospheric Connection Explorer (ICON): Evidence of the Impacts of Nonmigrating Tides

In near-Earth space, variations in thermospheric composition have important implications for thermosphere-ionosphere coupling. The ratio of O to N2 is often measured using far-UV airglow observations. Taking such airglow observations from space, looking below the Earth s limb allows for the total column of O and N2 in the ionosphere to be determined. While these observations have enabled many previous studies, determining the impact of nonmigrating tides on thermospheric composition has proved difficult, owing to a small contamination of the signal by recombination of ionospheric O+. New ICON observations of far-UV are presented here, and their general characteristics are shown. Using these, along with other observations and a global circulation model, we show that during the morning hours and at latitudes away from the peak of the equatorial ionospheric anomaly, the impact of nonmigrating tides on thermospheric composition can be observed. During March–April 2020, the column O/N2 ratio was seen to vary by 3–4\% of the zonal mean. By comparing the amplitude of the variation observed with that in the model, both the utility of these observations and a pathway to enable future studies is shown.

England, Scott; Meier, R.; Frey, Harald; Mende, Stephen; Stephan, Andrew; Krier, Christopher; Cullens, Chihoko; Wu, Yen-Jung; Triplett, Colin; Sirk, Martin; Korpela, Eric; Harding, Brian; Englert, Christoph; Immel, Thomas;

Published by: Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics      Published on:

YEAR: 2021     DOI: 10.1029/2021JA029575

airglow; atmospheric composition; Atmospheric tides; thermosphere

The ionospheric connection explorer mission: Mission goals and design

The Ionospheric Connection Explorer, or ICON, is a new NASA Explorer mission that will explore the boundary between Earth and space to understand the physical connection

Immel, Thomas; England, SL; Mende, SB; Heelis, RA; Englert, CR; Edelstein, J; Frey, HU; Korpela, EJ; Taylor, ER; Craig, WW; , others;

Published by: Space Science Reviews      Published on:

YEAR: 2018     DOI: 10.1007/s11214-017-0449-2

High sensitivity trace gas sensor for planetary atmospheres: miniaturized Mars methane monitor

Englert, Christoph; Stevens, Michael; Brown, Charles; Harlander, John; DeMajistre, Robert; Marr, Kenneth;

Published by: Journal of Applied Remote Sensing      Published on:

YEAR: 2014     DOI:

Bright polar mesospheric clouds formed by main engine exhaust from the space shuttle's final launch

Stevens, Michael; Lossow, Stefan; Fiedler, Jens; Baumgarten, Gerd; übken, Franz-Josef; Hallgren, Kristofer; Hartogh, Paul; Randall, Cora; Lumpe, Jerry; Bailey, Scott; Niciejewski, R.; Meier, R.; Plane, John; Kochenash, Andrew; Murtagh, Donal; Englert, Christoph;

Published by: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres      Published on: Apr-10-2013

YEAR: 2012     DOI: 10.1029/2012JD017638

Spatial Heterodyne Imager for Mesospheric Radicals on STPSat-1

Englert, Christoph; Stevens, Michael; Siskind, David; Harlander, John; Roesler, Frederick;

Published by: Journal of Geophysical Research      Published on: Jan-01-2010

YEAR: 2010     DOI: 10.1029/2010JD014398

Sun-to-Earth Imaging for Operational Space Weather Monitoring

Chua, DH; Wood, BE; Slinker, SP; Meier, RR; Englert, CR; Socker, DG; Huba, J; Krall, J;

Published by:       Published on:

YEAR: 2009     DOI: