Bibliography

Effects of the 12 May 2021 Geomagnetic Storm on Georeferencing Precision

In this work, we present the positioning error analysis of the 12 May 2021 moderate geomagnetic storm. The storm happened during spring in the northern hemisphere (fall in the south). We selected 868 GNSS stations around the globe to study the ionospheric and the apparent position variations. We compared the day of the storm with the three previous days. The analysis shows the global impact of the storm. In the quiet days, 93\% of the stations had 3D errors less than 10 cm, while during the storm, only 41\% kept this level of accuracy. The higher impact was over the Up component. Although the stations have algorithms to correct ionospheric disturbances, the inaccuracies lasted for nine hours. The most severe effects on the positioning errors were noticed in the South American sector. More than 60\% of the perturbed stations were located in this region. We also studied the effects produced by two other similar geomagnetic storms that occurred on 27 March 2017 and on 5 August 2019. The comparison of the storms shows that the effects on position inaccuracies are not directly deductible neither from the characteristics of geomagnetic storms nor from enhancement and/or variations of the ionospheric plasma.

Valdés-Abreu, Juan; Díaz, Marcos; Báez, Juan; Stable-Sánchez, Yohadne;

Published by: Remote Sensing      Published on: jan

YEAR: 2021     DOI: 10.3390/rs14010038

Geomagnetic storms; total electron content; global navigation satellite system; Global positioning system; precise point positioning; rate of change of the tec index

Effects observed in the equatorial and low latitude ionospheric F-region in the Brazilian sector during low solar activity geomagnetic storms and comparison with the COSMIC measurements

The main objective of the present investigation has been to compare the ionospheric parameters (NmF2 and hmF2) observed by two ground-based ionospheric sounders (one at PALMAS- located near the magnetic equator and the other at Sao Jose dos Campos-located in the low-latitude region) in the Brazilian sector with that by the satellite FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC radio occultation (RO) measurements during two geomagnetic storms which occurred in December 2006 and July 2009. It should be pointed out that in spite of increasing the latitude (to 10\textdegree) and longitude (to 20\textdegree) around the stations; we had very few common observations. It has been observed that both the peak electron density (NmF2) and peak height (hmF2) observed by two different techniques (space-borne COSMIC and ground-based ionosondes) during both the geomagnetic storm events compares fairly well (with high correlation coefficients) at the two stations in the Brazilian sector. It should be pointed out that due to equatorial spread F (ESF) in the first storm (December 2006) and no-reflections from the ionosphere during nighttime in the second storm (July 2009), we had virtually daytime data from the two ionosondes.

Sahai, Y.; de Jesus, R.; Fagundes, P.R.; Selhorst, C.L.; de Abreu, A.J.; Ram, Tulasi; Aragon-Angel, A.; Pillat, V.G.; Abalde, J.R.; Lima, W.L.C.; Bittencourt, J.A.;

Published by: Advances in Space Research      Published on: 11/2012

YEAR: 2012     DOI: 10.1016/j.asr.2012.07.006

COSMIC satellite; F-region; geomagnetic storm; Ionosphere; Low solar activity

The global thermospheric and ionospheric response to the 2008 minor sudden stratospheric warming event

This paper presents a study of thermospheric and ionospheric response to the 2008 minor sudden stratospheric warming (SSW) event. This period was characterized by low solar and geomagnetic activity. The study was performed using the Global Self-consistent Model of Thermosphere, Ionosphere, and Protonosphere (GSM TIP). Model results were compared with ionosonde data from Irkutsk, Kaliningrad, Sao Jose dos Campos, and Jicamarca. The SSW event was modeled by specifying the temperature and density perturbations at the lower boundary of the GSM TIP (80 km altitude). GSM TIP simulation allowed the reproduction of the lower thermosphere temperature disturbances (the occurrence of the quasi-wave 1 structure at 80\textendash130 km altitude with a vertical scale of \~40 km), the negative response of F2 region electron density and the positive response of electron temperature at 300 km during the 2008 minor SSW event. The main formation mechanism of the global ionospheric response is due to the disturbances (decrease) in then(O)/n(N2) ratio. The change in zonal electric field is another important mechanism of the ionospheric response at low latitudes.

Korenkov, Y.; Klimenko, V.; Klimenko, M.; Bessarab, F.; Korenkova, N.; Ratovsky, K.; Chernigovskaya, M.; Shcherbakov, A.; Sahai, Y.; Fagundes, P.; de Jesus, R.; de Abreu, A.; Condor, P.;

Published by: Journal of Geophysical Research      Published on: 10/2012

YEAR: 2012     DOI: 10.1029/2012JA018018

Electric field; Ionosphere; sudden stratospheric warming; thermosphere

Studies of ionospheric F-region response in the Latin American sector during the geomagnetic storm of 21--22 January 2005

Sahai, Y.; Fagundes, P.; de Jesus, R.; de Abreu, A.; Crowley, G.; Kikuchi, T.; Huang, C.-S.; Pillat, V.; Guarnieri, F.; Abalde, J.; Bittencourt, J.;

Published by: Annales Geophysicae      Published on: Jan-01-2011

YEAR: 2011     DOI: 10.5194/angeo-29-919-2011

Effects of geomagnetic super storms on the ionospheric F-region in the South American sector using a GPS technique: A review

Sahai, Y; De Abreu, AJ; Fagundes, PR; De Jesus, R; Crowley, G; Klimenko, MV; Klimenko, VV; Brunini, C; Gende, M; Pillat, VG; , others;

Published by: Asian Journal of Physics      Published on:

YEAR: 2011     DOI:

Numerical modeling of ionospheric effects in the middle-and low-latitude F region during geomagnetic storm sequence of 9--14 September 2005

This study presents the Global Self-Consistent Model of the Thermosphere, Ionosphere and Protonosphere (GSM TIP) numerical simulations of the 9–14 September 2005 geomagnetic

Klimenko, MV; Klimenko, VV; Ratovsky, KG; Goncharenko, LP; Sahai, Y; Fagundes, PR; De Jesus, R; De Abreu, AJ; Vesnin, AM;

Published by: Radio Science      Published on:

YEAR: 2011     DOI:

Seasonal variations in ionospheric F-region parameters during the low solar activity period in the Brazilian sector and comparison with ionospheric models

Sahai, Yogeshwar; de Jesus, Rodolfo; Fagundes, Paulo; de Abreu, Alessandro; Crowley, Geoff; Pillat, Valdir; Guede, Jose; Bittencourt, Jose;

Published by: 38th COSPAR Scientific Assembly      Published on:

YEAR: 2010     DOI:

Response of the Ionospheric F-region in the Latin American Sector During the Intense Geomagnetic Storm of 21-22 January 2005

Sahai, Y; Fagundes, PR; De Jesus, R; De Abreu, AJ; Crowley, G; Pillat, VG; Guarnieri, FL; , Abalde; Bittencourt, JA;

Published by:       Published on:

YEAR: 2009     DOI:

Effects observed in the Latin American sector ionospheric F region during the intense geomagnetic disturbances in the early part of November 2004

Sahai, Y; Becker-Guedes, F; Fagundes, PR; De Jesus, R; De Abreu, AJ; Paxton, LJ; Goncharenko, LP; Brunini, C; Gende, M; Ferreira, AS; , others;

Published by: Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics      Published on:

YEAR: 2009     DOI:

Unusual ionospheric effects observed during the intense 28 October 2003 solar flare in the Brazilian sector

Sahai, Y.; Becker-Guedes, F.; Fagundes, P.R.; Lima, W.L.C.; de Abreu, A.J.; Guarnieri, F.L.; Candido, C.M.N.; Pillat, V.G.;

Published by:       Published on:

YEAR: 2008     DOI:

Brazilian ionosphere behavior during an intense solar flare

The 28 October 2003 solar flare was one of the most intense solar flares observed in the recent past. In the present investigation we show the ionospheric effects observed in the

Becker-Guedes, F; Sahai, Y; Fagundes, PR; Abreu, A; Pillat, VG; Lima, WLC;

Published by:       Published on:

YEAR: 2007     DOI: https://doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609-pdb.172.SBGF0393_07

Unusual ionospheric effects observed during the intense 28 October 2003 solar flare in the Brazilian sector

Sahai, Y; Becker-Guedes, F; Fagundes, PR; Lima, WLC; De Abreu, AJ; Guarnieri, FL; Candido, CMN; Pillat, VG;

Published by:       Published on:

YEAR: 2007     DOI: