Bibliography

The Influence of the Atmosphere on the Variability of the Electronic Concentration in the Ionosphere on January 2009

The results of the study of the variability of the electron concentration in the ionosphere in January 2009 are presented. Variations in the electron density in the ionosphere above individual stations and in the global electron content are considered based on the observation data and the results of the model calculations. Comparison of the ionospheric variability obtained from the results of calculations using the models of the upper atmosphere (GSM TIP) and the entire atmosphere (EAGLE) showed that the atmospheric-ionospheric interaction can play one of the key roles in the variability of the ionosphere at midlatitudes. The paper also discusses the issue of simulating the effects of stratospheric warming in 2009 using the EAGLE model.

Klimenko, M.; Ratovsky, K.; Klimenko, V.; Bessarab, F.; Sukhodolov, T.; Rozanov, E.;

Published by: Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry B      Published on: sep

YEAR: 2021     DOI: 10.1134/S1990793121050171

atmosphere; global electron abundance; Ionosphere; model of the entire atmosphere; neutral composition of the upper atmosphere; sudden stratospheric warming

Ionospheric response to solar and magnetospheric protons during January 15–22, 2005: EAGLE whole atmosphere model results

We present an analysis of the ionosphere and thermosphere response to Solar Proton Events (SPE) and magnetospheric proton precipitation in January 2005, which was carried out using the model of the entire atmosphere EAGLE. The ionization rates for the considered period were acquired from the AIMOS (Atmospheric Ionization Module Osnabrück) dataset. For numerical experiments, we applied only the proton-induced ionization rates of that period, while all the other model input parameters, including the electron precipitations, corresponded to the quiet conditions. In January 2005, two major solar proton events with different energy spectra and proton fluxes occurred on January 17 and January 20. Since two geomagnetic storms and several sub-storms took place during the considered period, not only solar protons but also less energetic magnetospheric protons contributed to the calculated ionization rates. Despite the relative transparency of the thermosphere for high-energy protons, an ionospheric response to the SPE and proton precipitation from the magnetotail was obtained in numerical experiments. In the ionospheric E layer, the maximum increase in the electron concentration is localized at high latitudes, and at heights of the ionospheric F2 layer, the positive perturbations were formed in the near-equatorial region. An analysis of the model-derived results showed that changes in the ionospheric F2 layer were caused by a change in the neutral composition of the thermosphere. We found that in the recovery phase after both solar proton events and the enhancement of magnetospheric proton precipitations associated with geomagnetic disturbances, the TEC and electron density in the F region and in topside ionosphere/plasmasphere increase at low- and mid-latitudes due to an enhancement of atomic oxygen concentration. Our results demonstrate an important role of magnetospheric protons in the formation of negative F-region ionospheric storms. According to our results, the topside ionosphere/plasmasphere and bottom-side ionosphere can react to solar and magnetospheric protons both with the same sign of disturbances or in different way. The same statement is true for TEC and foF2 disturbances. Different disturbances of foF2 and TEC at high and low latitudes can be explained by topside electron temperature disturbances.

Bessarab, F.; Sukhodolov, T.; Klimenko, M.; Klimenko, V.; Korenkov, Yu.; Funke, B.; Zakharenkova, I.; Wissing, J.; Rozanov, E.;

Published by: Advances in Space Research      Published on: jan

YEAR: 2021     DOI: 10.1016/j.asr.2020.10.026

Ionosphere; Proton precipitations; Solar proton events; thermosphere; Whole atmosphere model

Ionospheric response to solar and magnetospheric protons during January 15—22, 2005: EAGLE whole atmosphere model results

We present an analysis of the ionosphere and thermosphere response to Solar Proton Events (SPE) and magnetospheric proton precipitation in January 2005, which was carried out

Bessarab, Fedor; Sukhodolov, Timofei; Klimenko, Maxim; Klimenko, Vladimir; Korenkov, Yu; Funke, Bernd; Zakharenkova, Irina; Wissing, Jan; Rozanov, EV;

Published by: Advances in Space Research      Published on:

YEAR: 2021     DOI: 10.1016/j.asr.2020.10.026

The dependence of four-peak longitudinal structure of the tropical electric field on the processes in the lower atmosphere and geomagnetic field configuration

Klimenko, V.V.; Klimenko, M.V.; Bessarab, F.S.; Sukhodolov, T.V.; Rozanov, E.V.;

Published by: Advances in Space Research      Published on: 11/2019

YEAR: 2019     DOI: 10.1016/j.asr.2019.06.029

Changes in the middle and upper atmosphere parameters during the January 2013 sudden stratospheric warming

We present the results of complex obser-vationsof various parameters of the middle and upper atmosphere over Siberia in December 2012 \textendashJanuary 2013, during a major sudden stratospheric warming (SSW) event. We analyze variations in ozone concentra-tion from microwave measurements, in stratosphere and lower mesosphere temperatures from lidar and satellite measurements, in the F2-layer critical frequency (foF2), in the total electron content (TEC), as well as in the ra-tio of concentrations of atomic oxygen to molecular nitrogen (O/N2) in the thermosphere.To interpret the observed disturbances in the upper atmosphere, the ex-perimental measurements are compared with the results of model calculations obtained with the Global Self-Consistent Model of Thermosphere\textemdashIonosphere\textemdashProtonosphere (GSM TIP). The response of the upper atmosphere to the SSW event is shown to be a decreasein foF2 and TEC during the evolution of the warming event and a prolonged increase in O/N2, foF2, and TEC after the SSW maximum. For the first time, we observe the relation between the increase in stratospheric ozone, thermospheric O/N2, and ionospheric electron densityfor a fairly long time (up to 20 days) after the SSW maximum at midlatitudes.

Ясюкевич, Анна; Yasyukevich, Anna; Клименко, Максим; Klimenko, Maksim; Куликов, Юрий; Kulikov, Yury; Клименко, Владимир; Klimenko, Vladimir; Бессараб, Федор; Bessarab, Fedor; Кореньков, Юрий; Korenkov, Yuriy; Маричев, Валерий; Marichev, Valery; Ратовский, Константин; Ratovsky, Konstantin; Колесник, Сергей; Kolesnik, Sergey;

Published by: Solnechno-Zemnaya Fizika      Published on: 08/2018

YEAR: 2018     DOI: 10.12737/issue_5c1b83b913d443.7589563310.12737/szf-44201807

Changes in the Stratosphere and Ionosphere Parameters During the 2013 Major Stratospheric Warming

The paper presents the results of the complex experiment (lidar and ozonometric observations), carried out during the period of the 2013 major sudden stratospheric warming (SSW) in the North Asia region. The data of this experiment were supplemented by the ionospheric parameters observations. We considered variations in the critical frequency and peak height of the ionospheric F2-layer (foF2) from ionosonde measurements in Tomsk and Irkutsk, as well as the behavior of the total electron content (TEC) based on the phase dual-frequency GPS/GLONASS receivers\textquoteright data. We revealed significant variations in the stratosphere ozone concentration, ionospheric electron density, as well as in the thermosphere O/N ₂ ratio with the similar pattern during the SSW. The ionospheric response to SSW in the middle and high-latitude regions is suggested to be caused by changes in the neutral composition at the thermosphere altitudes.

Yasyukevich, Anna; Kulikov, Yury; Klimenko, Maxim; Klimenko, Vladimir; Bessarab, Fedor; Korenkov, Yury; Marichev, Valery; Ratovsky, Konstantin; Kolesnik, Sergey;

Published by:       Published on:

YEAR: 2018     DOI: 10.23919/URSI-AT-RASC.2018.8471322

E-region ionospheric storm on May 1\textendash3, 2010: GSM TIP model representation and suggestions for IRI improvement

his paper presents the model simulation results of ionospheric E-region parameters during geomagnetic storm on May 2\textendash3, 2010. For this investigation we used the Global Self-consistent Model of the Thermosphere, Ionosphere and Protonosphere (GSM TIP) developed in West Department of IZMIRAN. GSM TIP model simulations were performed using empirical model of high-energy electron precipitation. The temporal and spatial distributions of the lower ionosphere parameters and minor neutral species are presented. GSM TIP model results of E-region parameters are compared with IRI-2012 model. The differences between model results are discussed.

Bessarab, F.S.; Korenkov, Yu.N.; Klimenko, V.V.; Klimenko, M.V.; Zhang, Y.;

Published by: Advances in Space Research      Published on: 08/2014

YEAR: 2015     DOI: 10.1016/j.asr.2014.08.003

E-region; Electric field; geomagnetic storm; Ionospheric modeling; IRI-2012; Nitric oxide density

Modeling of response of the thermosphere-ionosphere system to sudden stratospheric warmings of years 2008 and 2009

A study of the response of the thermosphere and ionosphere to sudden stratospheric warmings (SSWs) which occurred in January of 2008 and 2009 is presented. The Global Self-consistent Model of the Thermosphere, Ionosphere, and Protonosphere (GSM TIP) developed in the West Department of IZMIRAN was a theoretical basis for this study. A comparison of the simulation results of the thermosphere-ionosphere response to SSW events with the observational data over Irkutsk and also with theoretical and experimental studies carried out during the recent years is performed. SSW events were modeled by setting disturbances in the neutral temperature and density at the lower boundary of the GSM TIP model (80 km above the Earth\textquoterights surface). It is shown that the disturbances related to SSW lead to substantial global effects in the thermosphere and ionosphere. The analysis of the experimental data showed that, in spite of very similar solar and geophysical conditions on the background of which two considered stratospheric warming events happened, the occurring disturbances in temperature at heights of the mesosphere and lower thermosphere differ substantially from each other, although some common regularities still take place especially at heights of the ionospheric F region.

Klimenko, M.; Klimenko, V.; textquoterightkov, Yu.; Bessarab, F.; Karpov, I.; Ratovsky, K.; Chernigovskaya, M.;

Published by: Cosmic Research      Published on: 01/2013

YEAR: 2013     DOI: 10.1134/S001095251301005X

Modeling the effect of sudden stratospheric warming within the thermosphere--ionosphere system

This paper presents an investigation of thermospheric and ionospheric response to the sudden stratospheric warming (SSW) event, which took place in January 2009. This period was characterized by low solar and geomagnetic activity. Analysis was carried out within the Global Self-consistent Model of Thermosphere, Ionosphere and Protonosphere (GSM TIP). The experimental data of the atmospheric temperatures obtained by Aura satellite above Irkutsk and ionosonde data over Yakutsk and Irkutsk were utilized as well. SSW event was modeled by specifying the temperature and density perturbations at the lower boundary of the GSM TIP model (80\ km altitude). It was shown that by setting disturbances in the form of a stationary planetary perturbation s=1 at the lower boundary of the thermosphere, one could reproduce the negative electron density disturbances in the F region of ionosphere during SSW events. Our scenario for the 2009 SSW event in the GSM TIP allowed to obtain results which are in a qualitative agreement with the observation data.

Bessarab, F.S.; Korenkov, Yu.N.; Klimenko, M.V.; Klimenko, V.V.; Karpov, I.V.; Ratovsky, K.G.; Chernigovskaya, M.A.;

Published by: Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics      Published on: 12/2012

YEAR: 2012     DOI: 10.1016/j.jastp.2012.09.005

Ionosphere; Modeling; sudden stratospheric warming; thermosphere

The global thermospheric and ionospheric response to the 2008 minor sudden stratospheric warming event

This paper presents a study of thermospheric and ionospheric response to the 2008 minor sudden stratospheric warming (SSW) event. This period was characterized by low solar and geomagnetic activity. The study was performed using the Global Self-consistent Model of Thermosphere, Ionosphere, and Protonosphere (GSM TIP). Model results were compared with ionosonde data from Irkutsk, Kaliningrad, Sao Jose dos Campos, and Jicamarca. The SSW event was modeled by specifying the temperature and density perturbations at the lower boundary of the GSM TIP (80 km altitude). GSM TIP simulation allowed the reproduction of the lower thermosphere temperature disturbances (the occurrence of the quasi-wave 1 structure at 80\textendash130 km altitude with a vertical scale of \~40 km), the negative response of F2 region electron density and the positive response of electron temperature at 300 km during the 2008 minor SSW event. The main formation mechanism of the global ionospheric response is due to the disturbances (decrease) in then(O)/n(N2) ratio. The change in zonal electric field is another important mechanism of the ionospheric response at low latitudes.

Korenkov, Y.; Klimenko, V.; Klimenko, M.; Bessarab, F.; Korenkova, N.; Ratovsky, K.; Chernigovskaya, M.; Shcherbakov, A.; Sahai, Y.; Fagundes, P.; de Jesus, R.; de Abreu, A.; Condor, P.;

Published by: Journal of Geophysical Research      Published on: 10/2012

YEAR: 2012     DOI: 10.1029/2012JA018018

Electric field; Ionosphere; sudden stratospheric warming; thermosphere