Bibliography

Quantifying the Impact of Dynamic Storm-Time Exospheric Density on Plasmaspheric Refilling

As soon as the outer plasmasphere gets eroded during geomagnetic storms, the greatly depleted plasmasphere is replenished by cold, dense plasma from the ionosphere. A strong correlation has been revealed between plasmaspheric refilling rates and ambient densities in the topside ionosphere and exosphere, particularly that of atomic hydrogen (H). Although measurements of H airglow emission at plasmaspheric altitudes exhibit storm-time response, temporally static distributions have typically been assumed in the H density in plasmasphere modeling. In this presentation, we evaluate the impact of a realistic distribution of the dynamic H density on the plasmaspheric refilling rate during the geomagnetic storm on March 17, 2013. The temporal and spatial evolution of the plasmaspheric density is calculated by using the Ionosphere-Plasmasphere Electrodynamics (IPE) model, which is driven by a global, 3-D, and time-dependent H density distribution reconstructed from the exospheric remote sensing measurements by NASA’s TWINS and TIMED missions. We quantify the spatial and temporal scales of the refilling rate and its correlation with H densities.

Waldrop, Lara; Cucho-Padin, Gonzalo; site, this; Maruyama, Naomi; site, this;

Published by: Earth and Space Science Open Archive ESSOAr      Published on: jan

YEAR: 2021     DOI: 10.1002/essoar.10505771.1

Atmospheric Sciences; Atmospheric Sciences / Magnetospheric Particles

The Dynamical IonosphereStorms and substorms\textemdashThe new whole system approach and future challenges

This chapter covers our current understanding and recent advances in the study of Earth\textquoterights ionosphere during magnetic storms and substorms with a special focus on electrodynamics and its consequences in the past 14 years. In particular, the focus is on the new awareness of looking at the magnetosphere, ionosphere, and thermosphere (M-I-T) as a whole system that has brought us to the next level of understanding. Both ground-based observations and the new space-based observations from magnetospheric missions are expanding rapidly. More and more compelling science questions cannot be addressed and resolved without combining simultaneous multiple observations in the ionosphere, plasmasphere, and magnetosphere in order to establish a consistent understanding of the system. Models have greatly improved mostly by coupling different regions and different species. New models can reproduce system phenomena that involve M-I-T coupling and help us elucidate the underlying processes within the coupled systems. Our future challenges will involve (1) cross-scale system and scale interactions; (2) the whole geospace modeling concept, including lower atmospheric forcing; (3) multiday forecasting capability.

Maruyama, Naomi;

Published by:       Published on:

YEAR: 2020     DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-12-814782-5.00009-1

Storms and substorms—The new whole system approach and future challenges

This chapter covers our current understanding and recent advances in the study of Earth s ionosphere during magnetic storms and substorms with a special focus on electrodynamics and its consequences in the past 14 years. In particular, the focus is on the new awareness of looking at the magnetosphere, ionosphere, and thermosphere (M-I-T) as a whole system that has brought us to the next level of understanding.

Maruyama, Naomi;

Published by:       Published on:

YEAR: 2020     DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-12-814782-5.00009-1

Impact of terrestrial weather on the upper atmosphere

Fuller-Rowell, TJ; Akmaev, RA; Wu, F; Anghel, A; Maruyama, N; Anderson, DN; Codrescu, MV; Iredell, M; Moorthi, S; Juang, H-M; , others;

Published by: Geophysical Research Letters      Published on:

YEAR: 2008     DOI:

Modeling storm-time electrodynamics of the low-latitude ionosphere–thermosphere system: Can long lasting disturbance electric fields be accounted for?

Storm-time ionospheric disturbance electric fields are studied for two large geomagnetic storms, March 31, 2001 and April 17–18, 2002, by comparing low-latitude observations of ionospheric plasma drifts with results from numerical simulations based on a combination of first-principles models. The simulation machinery combines the Rice convection model (RCM), used to calculate inner magnetospheric electric fields, and the coupled thermosphere ionosphere plasmasphere electrodynamics (CTIPe) model, driven, in part, by RCM-computed electric fields. Comparison of model results with measured or estimated low-latitude vertical drift velocities (zonal electric fields) shows that the coupled model is capable of reproducing measurements under a variety of conditions. In particular, our model results suggest, from theoretical grounds, a possibility of long-lasting penetration of magnetospheric electric fields to low latitudes during prolonged periods of enhanced convection associated with southward-directed interplanetary magnetic field, although the model probably overestimates the magnitude and duration of such penetration during extremely disturbed conditions. During periods of moderate disturbance, we found surprisingly good overall agreement between model predictions and data, with penetration electric fields accounting for early main phase changes and oscillations in low-latitude vertical drift, while the disturbance dynamo mechanism becomes increasingly important later in the modeled events. Discrepancies between the model results and the observations indicate some of the difficulties in validating these combined numerical models, and the limitations of the available experimental data.

Maruyama, Naomi; Sazykin, Stanislav; Spiro, Robert; Anderson, David; Anghel, Adela; Wolf, Richard; Toffoletto, Frank; Fuller-Rowell, Timothy; Codrescu, Mihail; Richmond, Arthur; Millward, George;

Published by: Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics      Published on:

YEAR: 2007     DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jastp.2006.08.020

Magnetosphere–ionosphere–thermosphere coupling; Ionospheric electrodynamics; low-latitude ionosphere; Penetration electric fields; disturbance dynamo electric fields; Numerical modeling

PHYSICAL INTERPRETATION OF THE THERMOSPHERE-IONOSPHERE RESPONSE TO THE APRIL 2002 MAGNETIC STORM

Fedrizzi, M; Fuller-Rowell, TJ; Codrescu, M; Araujo-Pradere, EA; Minter, CF; Khalsa, H; Maruyama, N; Anderson, D; Anghel, A;

Published by:       Published on:

YEAR: 2006     DOI: