Bibliography

New Approaches for Quantifying and Understanding Thermosphere Temperature Variability from Far Ultraviolet Dayglow

The nonlinear and dynamic response of Earth’s thermosphere, and the embedded ionosphere, to highly variable forcing from the Sun and from the lower atmosphere is not completely

Cantrall, Clayton;

Published by:       Published on:

YEAR: 2022     DOI:

Deriving column-integrated thermospheric temperature with the N$_\textrm2$ Lyman–Birge–Hopfield (2,0) band

\textlessp\textgreater\textlessstrong class="journal-contentHeaderColor"\textgreaterAbstract.\textless/strong\textgreater This paper presents a new technique to derive thermospheric temperature from space-based disk observations of far ultraviolet airglow. The technique, guided by findings from principal component analysis of synthetic daytime Lyman–Birge–Hopfield (LBH) disk emissions, uses a ratio of the emissions in two spectral channels that together span the LBH (2,0) band to determine the change in band shape with respect to a change in the rotational temperature of \textlessspan class="inline-formula"\textgreaterN$_\textrm2$\textless/span\textgreater. The two-channel-ratio approach limits representativeness and measurement error by only requiring measurement of the relative magnitudes between two spectral channels and not radiometrically calibrated intensities, simplifying the forward model from a full radiative transfer model to a vibrational–rotational band model. It is shown that the derived temperature should be interpreted as a column-integrated property as opposed to a temperature at a specified altitude without utilization of a priori information of the thermospheric temperature profile. The two-channel-ratio approach is demonstrated using NASA GOLD Level 1C disk emission data for the period of 2–8 November 2018 during which a moderate geomagnetic storm has occurred. Due to the lack of independent thermospheric temperature observations, the efficacy of the approach is validated through comparisons of the column-integrated temperature derived from GOLD Level 1C data with the GOLD Level 2 temperature product as well as temperatures from first principle and empirical models. The storm-time thermospheric response manifested in the column-integrated temperature is also shown to corroborate well with hemispherically integrated Joule heating rates, ESA SWARM mass density at 460 km, and GOLD Level 2 column \textlessspan class="inline-formula"\textgreater\textlessmath xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M4" display="inline" overflow="scroll" dspmath="mathml"\textgreater\textlessmrow class="chem"\textgreater\textlessmi mathvariant="normal"\textgreaterO\textless/mi\textgreater\textlessmo\textgreater/\textless/mo\textgreater\textlessmsub\textgreater\textlessmi mathvariant="normal"\textgreaterN\textless/mi\textgreater\textlessmn mathvariant="normal"\textgreater2\textless/mn\textgreater\textless/msub\textgreater\textless/mrow\textgreater\textless/math\textgreater\textlessspan\textgreater\textlesssvg:svg xmlns:svg="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="29pt" height="14pt" class="svg-formula" dspmath="mathimg" md5hash="7003ba1ac83e7c29f962255ae440df67"\textgreater\textlesssvg:image xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="amt-14-6917-2021-ie00001.svg" width="29pt" height="14pt" src="amt-14-6917-2021-ie00001.png"/\textgreater\textless/svg:svg\textgreater\textless/span\textgreater\textless/span\textgreater ratio.\textless/p\textgreater

Cantrall, Clayton; Matsuo, Tomoko;

Published by: Atmospheric Measurement Techniques      Published on: nov

YEAR: 2021     DOI: 10.5194/amt-14-6917-2021

Deriving column-integrated thermospheric temperature with the N 2 Lyman—Birge—Hopfield (2, 0) band

This paper presents a new technique to derive thermospheric temperature from space-based disk observations of far ultraviolet airglow. The technique, guided by findings from principal

Cantrall, Clayton; Matsuo, Tomoko;

Published by: Atmospheric Measurement Techniques      Published on:

YEAR: 2021     DOI: 10.5194/amt-14-6917-2021

Sources of Thermospheric Variability During Solar Minimum

Cantrall, Clayton; Matsuo, Tomoko;

Published by:       Published on:

YEAR: 2020     DOI:

Upper Atmosphere Radiance Data Assimilation: A Feasibility Study for GOLD Far Ultraviolet Observations

Far ultraviolet observations of Earth\textquoterights dayglow from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Global-scale Observations of the Limb and Disk (GOLD) mission presents an unparalleled opportunity for upper atmosphere radiance data assimilation. Assimilation of the Lyman-Birge-Hopfield (LBH) band emissions can be formulated in a similar fashion to lower atmosphere radiance data assimilation approaches. To provide a proof-of-concept for such an approach, this paper presents assimilation experiments of simulated LBH emission data using an ensemble filter measurement update step implemented with National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)\textquoterights Whole Atmosphere Model (WAM) and National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR)\textquoterights Global Airglow (GLOW) model. Primary findings from observing system simulation experiments (OSSEs), wherein \textquotedbllefttruth\textquotedblright atmospheric conditions simulated by NCAR\textquoterights Thermosphere Ionosphere Electrodynamic General Circulation Model (TIEGCM) are used to generate synthetic GOLD data, are as follows: (1) Assimilation of GOLD LBH disk emission data can reduce the bias in model temperature specification (ensemble mean) by 60\% under both geomagnetically quiet conditions and disturbed conditions. (2) The reduction in model uncertainty (ensemble spread) as a result of assimilation is about 20\% in the lower thermosphere and 30\% in the upper thermosphere for both conditions. These OSSEs demonstrate the potential for far ultraviolet radiance data assimilation to dramatically reduce the model biases in thermospheric temperature specification and to extend the utility of GOLD observations by helping to resolve the altitude-dependent global-scale response of the thermosphere to geomagnetic storms.

Cantrall, Clayton; Matsuo, Tomoko; Solomon, Stanley;

Published by: Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics      Published on: 10/2019

YEAR: 2019     DOI: 10.1029/2019JA026910