GUVI Biblio

Low-latitude plasma blobs above Africa: Exploiting GOLD and multi-satellite in situ measurements

Low-latitude plasma blobs are localized density enhancements of electron density that are occasionally observed in the night-time tropical ionosphere. Two-dimensional (2D) imaging of this phenomenon has been rare and frequently restricted to Central/South America, which is densely covered with ground-based airglow imagers and Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers. In Africa, on the contrary, no 2D image of a blob has been reported. Here we present two low-latitude blob events above Africa, one in the Northern s ...

Park, Jaeheung; Min, Kyoung; Eastes, Richard; Chao, Chi; Kim, Hee-Eun; Lee, Junchan; Sohn, Jongdae; Ryu, Kwangsun; Seo, Hoonkyu; Yoo, Ji-Hyeon; Lee, Seunguk; Woo, Changho; Kim, Eo-Jin;

Published by: Advances in Space Research      Published on: may

YEAR: 2022     DOI: 10.1016/j.asr.2022.05.021

COSMIC-2; GOLD; ICON; Low-latitude blobs; NextSat-1; swarm

Signatures of Equatorial Plasma Bubbles and Ionospheric Scintillations from Magnetometer and GNSS Observations in the Indian Longitudes during the Space Weather Events of Early September 2017

Scintillation due to ionospheric plasma irregularities remains a challenging task for the space science community as it can severely threaten the dynamic systems relying on space-based navigation services. In the present paper, we probe the ionospheric current and plasma irregularity characteristics from a latitudinal arrangement of magnetometers and Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) stations from the equator to the far low latitude location over the Indian longitudes, during the severe space weather events of 6–10 ...

Vankadara, Ram; Panda, Sampad; Amory-Mazaudier, Christine; Fleury, Rolland; Devanaboyina, Venkata; Pant, Tarun; Jamjareegulgarn, Punyawi; Haq, Mohd; Okoh, Daniel; Seemala, Gopi;

Published by: Remote Sensing      Published on: jan

YEAR: 2022     DOI: 10.3390/rs14030652

space weather; equatorial plasma bubbles; ionospheric irregularity; global navigation satellite system; magnetometer; poleward drift; rate of change of TEC index; scintillations; storm-time electric currents

APL JANUS System Progress on Commercial Suborbital Launch Vehicles: Moving the Laboratory Environment to Near Space

Smith, Todd; Hacala, Ryan; Hohlfeld, Erik; Edens, Weston; Hibbitts, Charles; Paxton, Larry; Arnold, Steven; Westlake, Joseph; Rymer, Abigail; Chacos, Al; , others;

Published by: Gravitational and Space Research      Published on:

YEAR: 2021     DOI:

Diffuse and Pulsating Aurora

This chapter reviews fundamental properties and recent advances of diffuse and pulsating aurora. Diffuse and pulsating aurora often occurs on closed field lines and involves energetic electron precipitation by wave-particle interaction. After summarizing the definition, large-scale morphology, types of pulsation, and driving processes, we review observation techniques, occurrence, duration, altitude, evolution, small-scale structures, fast modulation, relation to high-energy precipitation, the role of E ...

Nishimura, Yukitoshi; Lessard, Marc; Katoh, Yuto; Miyoshi, Yoshizumi; Grono, Eric; Partamies, Noora; Sivadas, Nithin; Hosokawa, Keisuke; Fukizawa, Mizuki; Samara, Marilia; Michell, Robert; Kataoka, Ryuho; Sakanoi, Takeshi; Whiter, Daniel; Oyama, Shin-ichiro; Ogawa, Yasunobu; Kurita, Satoshi;

Published by: Space Science Reviews      Published on: 01/2020

YEAR: 2020     DOI: 10.1007/s11214-019-0629-3

Hybrid-Vlasov simulation of auroral proton precipitation in the cusps: Comparison of northward and southward interplanetary magnetic field driving

Particle precipitation is a central aspect of space weather, as it strongly couples the magnetosphere and the ionosphere and can be responsible for radio signal disruption at high

Grandin, Maxime; Turc, Lucile; Battarbee, Markus; Ganse, Urs; Johlander, Andreas; Pfau-Kempf, Yann; Dubart, Maxime; Palmroth, Minna;

Published by: Journal of space weather and space climate      Published on:

YEAR: 2020     DOI: 10.1051/swsc/2020053

Space Weather Modeling Capabilities Assessment: Auroral Precipitation and High-Latitude Ionospheric Electrodynamics

As part of its International Capabilities Assessment effort, the Community Coordinated Modeling Center initiated several working teams, one of which is focused on the validation of models and methods for determining auroral electrodynamic parameters, including particle precipitation, conductivities, electric fields, neutral density and winds, currents, Joule heating, auroral boundaries, and ion outflow. Auroral electrodynamic properties are needed as input to space weather models, to test and validate the accuracy of phys ...

Robinson, Robert; Zhang, Yongliang; Garcia-Sage, Katherine; Fang, Xiaohua; Verkhoglyadova, Olga; Ngwira, Chigomezyo; Bingham, Suzy; Kosar, Burcu; Zheng, Yihua; Kaeppler, Stephen; Liemohn, Michael; Weygand, James; Crowley, Geoffrey; Merkin, Viacheslav; McGranaghan, Ryan; Mannucci, Anthony;

Published by: Space Weather      Published on: 01/2019

YEAR: 2019     DOI: 10.1029/2018SW002127

Review of the accomplishments of mid-latitude Super Dual Auroral Radar Network (SuperDARN) HF radars

The Super Dual Auroral Radar Network (SuperDARN) is a network of high-frequency (HF) radars located in the high- and mid-latitude regions of both hemispheres that is operated under international cooperation. The network was originally designed for monitoring the dynamics of the ionosphere and upper atmosphere in the high-latitude regions. However, over the last approximately 15 years, SuperDARN has expanded into the mid-latitude regions. With radar coverage that now extends continuously from auroral to sub-auroral and mid- ...

Nishitani, Nozomu; Ruohoniemi, John; Lester, Mark; Baker, Joseph; Koustov, Alexandre; Shepherd, Simon; Chisham, Gareth; Hori, Tomoaki; Thomas, Evan; Makarevich, Roman; , others;

Published by: Progress in Earth and Planetary Science      Published on:

YEAR: 2019     DOI: 10.1186/s40645-019-0270-5

Topside ionospheric conditions during the 7—8 September 2017 geomagnetic storm

The uplooking total electron contents (TECs) from the GRACE, SWARM-A, TerraSAR-X, and MetOp-A satellites and in situ electron density (Ne) from SWARM-A were utilized to investigate the topside ionospheric conditions during the 7–8 September 2017 geomagnetic storm. The rate of TEC index (ROTI) and rate of density index (RODI), which are derivative indices of TEC and Ne, respectively, were also used to characterize the topside ionospheric irregularities. The main results of this study are as follows: (1) There were significa ...

Jimoh, Oluwaseyi; Lei, Jiuhou; Zhong, Jiahao; Owolabi, Charles; Luan, Xiaoli; Dou, Xiankang;

Published by: Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics      Published on:

YEAR: 2019     DOI: 10.1029/2019JA026590

Space Weather Program at Antarctica

The use of GPS (Global Positioning System) in diverse areas such as surveying, enroute navigation and precision approach of aircraft, deformation monitoring, and various land/marine navigation applications necessitate high accuracy and availability. In the presence of time varying irregularities in ionospheric degrades the performance of the GPS receiver.

Tiwari, R; Purohit, PK; Gwal, AK;

Published by:       Published on:

YEAR: 2019     DOI:

Driving of strong nightside reconnection and geomagnetic activity by polar cap flows: application to CME shocks and possibly other situations

Lyons, LR; Gallardo-Lacourt, B; Zou, Y; Nishimura, Y; Anderson, P; , Angelopoulos; Donovan, EF; Ruohoniemi, JM; Mitchell, E; Paxton, LJ; , others;

Published by: Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics      Published on:

YEAR: 2018     DOI:

The JHU APL Commercial Launch Program: JANUS is finally getting off the ground

Smith, Howard; Hacala, Ryan; Hohlfeld, Erik; Edens, Wes; Paxton, Larry; Hibbitts, Charles; Arnold, Steven;

Published by:       Published on:

YEAR: 2018     DOI:

The 2018 Parker Solar/Heliophysics Lecture

Paxton, Larry; Cohen, Christina;

Published by:       Published on:

YEAR: 2018     DOI:

The effect of ring current electron scattering rates on magnetosphere-ionosphere coupling

This simulation study investigated the electrodynamic impact of varying descriptions of the diffuse aurora on the magnetosphere-ionosphere (M-I) system. Pitch angle diffusion caused by waves in the inner magnetosphere is the primary source term for the diffuse aurora, especially during storm time. The magnetic local time (MLT) and storm-dependent electrodynamic impacts of the diffuse aurora were analyzed using a comparison between a new self-consistent version of the Hot Electron Ion Drift Integrator with varying electron ...

Perlongo, N.; Ridley, A.; Liemohn, M.; Katus, R.;

Published by: Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics      Published on: 04/2017

YEAR: 2017     DOI: 10.1002/2016JA023679

Driving of Dramatic Geomagnetic Activity by Enhancement of Meso-Scale Polar-cap Flows

Lyons, Larry; Gallardo-Lacourt, Bea; Zou, Ying; Nishimura, Yukitoshi; Anderson, Phillip; Angelopoulos, VASSILIS; Ruohoniemi, Michael; Mitchell, Elizabeth; Paxton, Larry; Nishitani, Nozomu;

Published by:       Published on:

YEAR: 2017     DOI:

The 2017 Van Allen Lecture

Paxton, Larry; Cohen, Christina;

Published by:       Published on:

YEAR: 2017     DOI:

Ionospheric Space Weather: Longitude Dependence and Lower Atmosphere Forcing

This monograph is the outcome of an American Geophysical Union Chapman Conference on longitude and hemispheric dependence of ionospheric space weather, including the

Fuller-Rowell, Timothy; Yizengaw, Endawoke; Doherty, Patricia; Basu, Sunanda;

Published by:       Published on:

YEAR: 2016     DOI:

GPS phase scintillation at high latitudes during two geomagnetic storms

Prikryl, Paul; Ghoddousi-Fard, Reza; Ruohoniemi, John; Thomas, Evan; Zhang, Y; Paxton, LJ;

Published by: Auroral dynamics and space weather      Published on:

YEAR: 2015     DOI:

Investigation of sudden electron density depletions observed in the dusk sector by the Poker Flat, Alaska incoherent scatter radar in summer

This paper investigates unusually deep and sudden electron density depletions (troughs) observed in the Poker Flat (Alaska) Incoherent Scatter Radar data in middle summer of 2007 and 2008. The troughs were observed in the premidnight sector during periods of weak magnetic and solar activity. The density recovered to normal levels around midnight. At the time when the electron density was undergoing its steep decrease, there was usually a surge of the order of 100 to 400 K in the ion temperature that lasted less than 1 h. ...

Richards, P.; Nicolls, M.; St.-Maurice, J.-P.; Goodwin, L.; Ruohoniemi, J.;

Published by: Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics      Published on: 12/2014

YEAR: 2014     DOI: 10.1002/jgra.v119.1210.1002/2014JA020541

ion temperature; plasma convection; plasma troughs

Solar filament impact on 21 January 2005: Geospace consequences

On 21 January 2005, a moderate magnetic storm produced a number of anomalous features, some seen more typically during superstorms. The aim of this study is to establish the differences in the space environment from what we expect (and normally observe) for a storm of this intensity, which make it behave in some ways like a superstorm. The storm was driven by one of the fastest interplanetary coronal mass ejections in solar cycle 23, containing a piece of the dense erupting solar filament material. The momentum of the mas ...

Kozyra, J.; Liemohn, M.; Cattell, C.; De Zeeuw, D.; Escoubet, C.; Evans, D.; Fang, X.; Fok, M.-C.; Frey, H.; Gonzalez, W.; Hairston, M.; Heelis, R.; Lu, G.; Manchester, W.; Mende, S.; Paxton, L.; Rastaetter, L.; Ridley, A.; Sandanger, M.; Soraas, F.; Sotirelis, T.; Thomsen, M.; Tsurutani, B.; Verkhoglyadova, O.;

Published by: Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics      Published on: 07/2014

YEAR: 2014     DOI: 10.1002/2013JA019748

cold dense plasma sheet; Equatorial anomaly; magnetotail; precipitation; prompt penetration electric field; solar filament

Is Space Weather Different Over Africa, and If So, Why? An AGU Chapman Conference Report

With the increasing reliance on technology, the impact of space weather on engineered systems will certainly increase unless suitable protective measures are taken. Understanding the physics behind space weather impacts and improving the forecasting are the major objectives of the space science community. It is well recognized that many space weather impacts, especially on communications systems, arise from structures in the ionosphere. The equatorial ionosphere, in particular, is one of the most complex and is host to nu ...

Yizengaw, Endawoke; Doherty, Patricia; Fuller-Rowell, Tim;

Published by: Space Weather      Published on: 07/2013

YEAR: 2013     DOI: 10.1002/swe.20063

atmosphere ionosphere interactions; ionospheric irregularities; space weather

The Study of the origin of broad plasma depletions in the equatorial F region

Oh, S; Lee, W; Kil, H; Kwak, Y; Paxton, L; Zhang, Y;

Published by:       Published on:

YEAR: 2013     DOI:

Integral cross sections for the electron-impact excitation of the b 1 $\Pi$ u, c 3 1 $\Pi$ u, o 3 1 $\Pi$ u, b′ 1 $\Sigma$ u+, c 4′ 1 $\Sigma$ u+, G 3 $\Pi$ u, and F 3 $\Pi$ u states of N 2

Malone, Charles; Johnson, Paul; Liu, Xianming; Ajdari, Bahar; Kanik, Isik; Khakoo, Murtadha;

Published by: Physical Review A      Published on: 06/2012

YEAR: 2012     DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevA.85.062704

Reversed two-cell convection in the northern and southern hemisphere during northward IMF

Lu, G; Li, W; Raeder, J; Deng, Y; Rich, F; Ober, D; Zhang, Y; Paxton, L; Ruohoniemi, M; Hairston, M; , others;

Published by:       Published on:

YEAR: 2012     DOI:

Persistent longitudinal features in the low-latitude ionosphere

Kil, H; Lee, WK; Kwak, Y-S; Oh, S-J; Paxton, LJ; Zhang, Y;

Published by: Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics      Published on:

YEAR: 2012     DOI:

Reversed two-cell convection in the Northern and Southern hemispheres during northward interplanetary magnetic field

Lu, G.; Li, W.; Raeder, J.; Deng, Y.; Rich, F.; Ober, D.; Zhang, Y.; Paxton, L.; Ruohoniemi, J.; Hairston, M.; Newell, P.;

Published by: Journal of Geophysical Research      Published on: Jan-01-2011

YEAR: 2011     DOI: 10.1029/2011JA017043

The source of the longitudinal asymmetry in the ionospheric tidal structure

Kil, H.; Kwak, Y.-S.; Oh, S.-J.; Talaat, E.; Paxton, L.; Zhang, Y.;

Published by: Journal of Geophysical Research      Published on: Jan-01-2011

YEAR: 2011     DOI: 10.1029/2011JA016781

Temporal and spatial components in the storm-time ionospheric disturbances

Kil, Hyosub; Paxton, L.; Kim, Khan-Hyuk; Park, Sarah; Zhang, Yongliang; Oh, Seung-Jun;

Published by: Journal of Geophysical Research      Published on: Jan-01-2011

YEAR: 2011     DOI: 10.1029/2011JA016750

Longitudinal asymmetry in the crest intensity of the ionospheric tidal structure

Kil, H; Paxton, LJ; Zhang, Y; Kwak, Y; Oh, S;

Published by:       Published on:

YEAR: 2011     DOI:

Is DE2 the source of the ionospheric wave number 3 longitudinal structure?

Kil, H.; Paxton, L.; Lee, W.; Ren, Z.; Oh, S.-J.; Kwak, Y.-S.;

Published by: Journal of Geophysical Research      Published on: Jan-01-2010

YEAR: 2010     DOI: 10.1029/2010JA015979

The three dimensional characteristics of the equatorial plasma bubbles retrieved from TIMED/GUVI nightglow images

Oh, S; Kil, H; Paxton, LJ;

Published by:       Published on:

YEAR: 2010     DOI:

Global views of energetic particle precipitation and their sources: Combining large-scale models with observations during the 21-22 January 2005 magnetic storm

Kozyra, JU; Brandt, PC; Cattell, CA; Clilverd, M; de Zeeuw, D; Evans, DS; Fang, X; Frey, HU; Kavanagh, AJ; Liemohn, MW; , others;

Published by:       Published on:

YEAR: 2010     DOI:

Formation of a plasma depletion shell in the equatorial ionosphere

An accurate description of the irregularity region defined by a plasma bubble is critically important in understanding the dynamics of the region and its effects on radio scintillation. Here we describe a plasma depletion region as a \textquotedblleftdepletion shell\textquotedblright and show how two-dimensional optical images from space can be used to define the shape of the depletion shell. Our simple model calculation demonstrates that the space-based optical observation can detect the plasma-depleted magnetic flux tub ...

Kil, Hyosub; Heelis, Roderick; Paxton, Larry; Oh, Seung-Jun;

Published by: Journal of Geophysical Research      Published on: 11/2009

YEAR: 2009     DOI: 10.1029/2009JA014369

Equatorial ionosphere; plasma depletion shell; zonal shear flow

The Variability of the Zonal Plasma Drift in the Equatorial F Region

Kil, H; Kang, C; Oh, S; Kwak, Y; Lee, W; Paxton, LJ;

Published by:       Published on:

YEAR: 2009     DOI:

The One-to-one Comparison of the Pre-reversal Enhancement Characteristics with the Equatorial Plasma Bubble Occurrence using Multiple Satellite Data

Oh, SJ; Kil, H; Kim, YH;

Published by: Bulletin of the Korean Space Science Society      Published on:

YEAR: 2009     DOI:

Putting Space Physics Data Facility (SPDF) Services to Good Use

Candey, RM; Bilitza, D; Chimiak, R; Cooper, JF; Garcia, LN; Harris, B; Johnson, RC; King, JH; Kovalick, T; Leckner, H; , others;

Published by:       Published on:

YEAR: 2009     DOI:

The day-to-day variability of the occurrence of equatorial plasma bubbles

Oh, Seung; Kil, Hyosub; Paxton, Larry; Kim, Yong;

Published by:       Published on:

YEAR: 2009     DOI:

LONGITUDINAL VARIATION OF THE ANNUAL AND HEMISPHERIC ASYMMETRIES OF THE LOW-MIDDLE LATITUDE IONOSPHERE

Kwak, Y; Kil, H; Oh, S; Lee, W; Forbes, JM; Cho, K;

Published by:       Published on:

YEAR: 2009     DOI:

The causal link of the DE-3 tide, vertical drift, and plasma density

Kil, Hyosub; Talaat, Elsayed; Paxton, Larry; Fang, Tzu-Wei; Oh, Seung-Jun;

Published by:       Published on:

YEAR: 2009     DOI:

The solar cycle dependence variability of the occurrence pattern of the equatorial plasma bubbles retrieved from TIMED/GUVI nightglow images

Oh, S; Kil, H; Paxton, LJ; Kim, Y;

Published by:       Published on:

YEAR: 2009     DOI:

Are Unusual Solar Wind Conditions in SC23-24 Triggering Changes in the Geospace Response to High Speed Streams?

In the descent to solar minimum in solar cycle 23-24, the high-speed streams (HSS) were faster and longer lived than previous cycles but the average IMF was weaker and the average solar wind density lower than ever before recorded upstream of the Earth. A simulation of high speed stream activity on 22-24 January 2005 using the BATS-R-US MHD model with embedded Rice Convection Model driven by solar wind inputs indicates that, at least for this event, the interaction between high speed streams and the magnetosphere has been mo ...

Kozyra, JU; Brandt, PC; Buzulukova, N; de Zeeuw, D; Fok, MH; Frey, HU; Gibson, SE; Ilie, R; Liemohn, MW; Mende, SB; , others;

Published by:       Published on:

YEAR: 2009     DOI:

Global bubble distribution seen from ROCSAT-1 and its association with the evening prereversal enhancement

Kil, Hyosub; Paxton, Larry; Oh, Seung-Jun;

Published by: Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics      Published on:

YEAR: 2009     DOI: 10.1029/2008JA013672

Wave structures of the plasma density and vertical E$\times$ B drift in low-latitude F region

We investigate the seasonal, longitudinal, local time (LT), and altitudinal variations of the F region morphology at low latitudes using data from the first Republic of China satellite (ROCSAT-1), Global Ultraviolet Imager (GUVI), on board the Thermosphere Ionosphere Mesosphere Energetics and Dynamics (TIMED) satellite, and the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) F13 and F15 satellites. Signatures of the longitudinally periodic plasma density structure emerge before 0900 LT. The wave structure is established befo ...

Kil, H.; Talaat, E.; Oh, S.-J.; Paxton, L.; England, S.; Su, S.-Y.;

Published by: Journal of Geophysical Research      Published on: Jan-01-2008

YEAR: 2008     DOI: 10.1029/2008JA013106

Equatorial ionosphere; wave structure; atmospheric tide

The effect of the vertical $ E $\$$\backslash$times$\$ B $ drift on the formation of the longitudinal plasma density structure in the low-latitude F-region

Oh, SJ; Kil, H; Kim, W; Paxton, LJ; Kim, YH;

Published by: Bulletin of the Korean Space Science Society      Published on:

YEAR: 2008     DOI:

Wave structures of the plasma density and vertical E$\times$ B drift in low-latitude F region

Kil, H; Talaat, ER; Oh, S-J; Paxton, LJ; England, SL; Su, S-Y;

Published by: Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics      Published on:

YEAR: 2008     DOI:

The role of the vertical E$\times$ B drift for the formation of the longitudinal plasma density structure in the low-latitude F region

Oh, S-J; Kil, H; Kim, W-T; Paxton, LJ; Kim, YH;

Published by:       Published on:

YEAR: 2008     DOI:

The temporal variability of the longitudinal plasma density structure in the low-latitude F-region

Oh, SJ; Kil, H; Kim, YH;

Published by: Bulletin of the Korean Space Science Society      Published on:

YEAR: 2008     DOI:

Abnormal vertical drifts of equatorial plasma before dawn and after sunset during the storm of 29—30 October 2003

Kil, Hyosub; Oh, Seung-Jun; Paxton, Larry;

Published by: Geophysical research letters      Published on:

YEAR: 2008     DOI:

Retrieval of 3-D equatorial plasma bubble characteristics from the TIMED/GUVI nightglow images.

Oh, SJ; Kil, H;

Published by:       Published on:

YEAR: 2008     DOI:

Observations of ionospheric convection from the Wallops SuperDARN radar at middle latitudes

Baker, J.; Greenwald, R.; Ruohoniemi, J.; Oksavik, K.; Gjerloev, J.; Paxton, L.; Hairston, M.;

Published by: Journal of Geophysical Research      Published on: Jan-01-2007

YEAR: 2007     DOI: 10.1029/2006JA011982

Retrieval of 2-D equatorial plasma bubble images from the TIMED/GUVI data

Oh, SJ; Kil, H;

Published by:       Published on:

YEAR: 2007     DOI: